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197 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
197 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
# python-build
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python-build is a [pyenv](https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv) plugin
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that provides a `pyenv install` command to compile and install
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different versions of Python on UNIX-like systems.
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You can also use python-build without pyenv in environments where you
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need precise control over Python version installation.
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## Installation
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### Installing as an pyenv plugin (recommended)
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You need nothing to do since python-build is bundled with pyenv by
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default.
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### Installing as a standalone program (advanced)
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Installing python-build as a standalone program will give you access to
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the `python-build` command for precise control over Python version
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installation. If you have pyenv installed, you will also be able to
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use the `pyenv install` command.
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git clone git://github.com/yyuu/pyenv.git
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cd pyenv/plugins/python-build
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./install.sh
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This will install python-build into `/usr/local`. If you do not have
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write permission to `/usr/local`, you will need to run `sudo
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./install.sh` instead. You can install to a different prefix by
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setting the `PREFIX` environment variable.
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To update python-build after it has been installed, run `git pull` in
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your cloned copy of the repository, then re-run the install script.
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## Usage
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### Using `pyenv install` with pyenv
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To install a Python version for use with pyenv, run `pyenv install` with
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the exact name of the version you want to install. For example,
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pyenv install 2.7.4
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Python versions will be installed into a directory of the same name
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under `~/.pyenv/versions`.
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To see a list of all available Python versions, run `pyenv install --list`.
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You may also tab-complete available Python
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versions if your pyenv installation is properly configured.
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### Using `python-build` standalone
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If you have installed python-build as a standalone program, you can use
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the `python-build` command to compile and install Python versions into
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specific locations.
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Run the `python-build` command with the exact name of the version you
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want to install and the full path where you want to install it. For
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example,
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python-build 2.7.4 ~/local/python-2.7.4
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To see a list of all available Python versions, run `python-build
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--definitions`.
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Pass the `-v` or `--verbose` flag to `python-build` as the first
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argument to see what's happening under the hood.
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### Custom definitions
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Both `pyenv install` and `python-build` accept a path to a custom
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definition file in place of a version name. Custom definitions let you
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develop and install versions of Python that are not yet supported by
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python-build.
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See the [python-build built-in
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definitions](https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv/tree/master/plugins/python-build/share/python-build)
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as a starting point for custom definition files.
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### Special environment variables
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You can set certain environment variables to control the build
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process.
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* `TMPDIR` sets the location where python-build stores temporary files.
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* `PYTHON_BUILD_BUILD_PATH` sets the location in which sources are
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downloaded and built. By default, this is a subdirectory of
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`TMPDIR`.
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* `PYTHON_BUILD_CACHE_PATH`, if set, specifies a directory to use for
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caching downloaded package files.
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* `PYTHON_BUILD_MIRROR_URL` overrides the default mirror URL root to one
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of your choosing.
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* `PYTHON_BUILD_SKIP_MIRROR`, if set, forces python-build to download
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packages from their original source URLs instead of using a mirror.
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* `CC` sets the path to the C compiler.
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* `CONFIGURE_OPTS` lets you pass additional options to `./configure`.
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* `MAKE` lets you override the command to use for `make`. Useful for
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specifying GNU make (`gmake`) on some systems.
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* `MAKE_OPTS` (or `MAKEOPTS`) lets you pass additional options to
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`make`.
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* `PYTHON_CONFIGURE_OPTS` and `PYTHON_MAKE_OPTS` allow you to specify
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configure and make options for buildling MRI. These variables will
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be passed to Python only, not any dependent packages (e.g. libyaml).
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### Checksum verification
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If you have the `md5`, `openssl`, or `md5sum` tool installed,
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python-build will automatically verify the MD5 checksum of each
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downloaded package before installing it.
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Checksums are optional and specified as anchors on the package URL in
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each definition. (All bundled definitions include checksums.)
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### Package download mirrors
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python-build will first attempt to download package files from a mirror
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hosted on Amazon CloudFront. If a package is not available on the
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mirror, if the mirror is down, or if the download is corrupt,
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python-build will fall back to the official URL specified in the
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defintion file.
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You can point python-build to another mirror by specifying the
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`PYTHON_BUILD_MIRROR_URL` environment variable--useful if you'd like to
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run your own local mirror, for example. Package mirror URLs are
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constructed by joining this variable with the MD5 checksum of the
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package file.
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If you don't have an MD5 program installed, python-build will skip the
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download mirror and use official URLs instead. You can force
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python-build to bypass the mirror by setting the
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`PYTHON_BUILD_SKIP_MIRROR` environment variable.
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### Package download caching
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You can instruct python-build to keep a local cache of downloaded
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package files by setting the `PYTHON_BUILD_CACHE_PATH` environment
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variable. When set, package files will be kept in this directory after
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the first successful download and reused by subsequent invocations of
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`python-build` and `pyenv install`.
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The `pyenv install` command defaults this path to `~/.pyenv/cache`, so
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in most cases you can enable download caching simply by creating that
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directory.
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### Keeping the build directory after installation
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Both `python-build` and `pyenv install` accept the `-k` or `--keep`
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flag, which tells python-build to keep the downloaded source after
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installation. This can be useful if you need to use `gdb` and
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`memprof` with Python.
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Source code will be kept in a parallel directory tree
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`~/.pyenv/sources` when using `--keep` with the `pyenv install`
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command. You should specify the location of the source code with the
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`PYTHON_BUILD_BUILD_PATH` environment variable when using `--keep` with
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`python-build`.
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## Getting Help
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Please see the [python-build
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wiki](https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv/wiki) for solutions to
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common problems.
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If you can't find an answer on the wiki, open an issue on the [issue
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tracker](https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv/issues). Be sure to
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include the full build log for build failures.
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### License
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(The MIT License)
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* Copyright (c) 2013 Yamashita, Yuu
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* Copyright (c) 2012 Sam Stephenson
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
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a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
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"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
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without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
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distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
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permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
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the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
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included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
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EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
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NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
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LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
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OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
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WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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