mirror of
https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo.git
synced 2024-12-02 03:49:39 -05:00
226 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
226 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
title: "Shortcodes"
|
|
date: "2013-07-01"
|
|
aliases: ["/doc/shortcodes/"]
|
|
groups: ["extras"]
|
|
groups_weight: 10
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
Because Hugo uses markdown for its simple content format, however there's a lot
|
|
of things that markdown doesn't support well.
|
|
|
|
We are unwilling to accept being constrained by our simple format. Also
|
|
unacceptable is writing raw html in our markdown every time we want to include
|
|
unsupported content such as a video. To do so is in complete opposition to the
|
|
intent of using a bare bones format for our content and utilizing templates to
|
|
apply styling for display.
|
|
|
|
To avoid both of these limitations Hugo created shortcodes.
|
|
|
|
A shortcode is a simple snippet inside a markdown file that Hugo will render
|
|
using a predefined template.
|
|
|
|
## Using a shortcode
|
|
|
|
In your content files a shortcode can be called by using '{{% name parameters
|
|
%}}' respectively. Shortcodes are space delimited (parameters with spaces
|
|
can be quoted).
|
|
|
|
The first word is always the name of the shortcode. Parameters follow the name.
|
|
The format for named parameters models that of html with the format
|
|
name="value". The current implementation only supports this exact format. Extra
|
|
spaces or different quote marks will not parse properly.
|
|
|
|
Some shortcodes use or require closing shortcodes. Like HTML, the opening and closing
|
|
shortcodes match (name only), the closing being prepended with a slash.
|
|
|
|
Example of a paired shortcode:
|
|
{{% highlight go %}} A bunch of code here {{% /highlight %}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Hugo Shortcodes
|
|
|
|
Hugo ships with a set of predefined shortcodes.
|
|
|
|
### highlight
|
|
|
|
This shortcode will convert the source code provided into syntax highlighted
|
|
html. Read more on [highlighting](/extras/highlighting).
|
|
|
|
#### Usage
|
|
Highlight takes exactly one required parameter of language and requires a
|
|
closing shortcode.
|
|
|
|
#### Example
|
|
{{% highlight html %}}
|
|
{{% highlight html %}}
|
|
<section id="main">
|
|
<div>
|
|
<h1 id="title">{{ .Title }}</h1>
|
|
{{ range .Data.Pages }}
|
|
{{ .Render "summary"}}
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
{{% /highlight %}}
|
|
{{% /highlight %}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### Example Output
|
|
|
|
{{% highlight html %}}
|
|
<span style="color: #f92672"><section</span> <span style="color: #a6e22e">id=</span><span style="color: #e6db74">"main"</span><span style="color: #f92672">></span>
|
|
<span style="color: #f92672"><div></span>
|
|
<span style="color: #f92672"><h1</span> <span style="color: #a6e22e">id=</span><span style="color: #e6db74">"title"</span><span style="color: #f92672">></span>{{ .Title }}<span style="color: #f92672"></h1></span>
|
|
{{ range .Data.Pages }}
|
|
{{ .Render "summary"}}
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
<span style="color: #f92672"></div></span>
|
|
<span style="color: #f92672"></section></span>
|
|
{{% /highlight %}}
|
|
|
|
### figure
|
|
Figure is simply an extension of the image capabilities present with Markdown.
|
|
figure provides the ability to add captions, css classes, alt text, links etc.
|
|
|
|
#### Usage
|
|
|
|
figure can use the following parameters
|
|
|
|
* src
|
|
* link
|
|
* title
|
|
* caption
|
|
* attr (attribution)
|
|
* attrlink
|
|
* alt
|
|
|
|
#### Example
|
|
|
|
{{% highlight html %}}
|
|
{{% figure src="/media/spf13.jpg" title="Steve Francia" %}}
|
|
{{% /highlight %}}
|
|
|
|
#### Example output
|
|
|
|
{{% highlight html %}}
|
|
|
|
{{% /highlight %}}
|
|
|
|
## Creating your own shortcodes
|
|
|
|
To create a shortcode, place a template in the layouts/shortcodes directory. The
|
|
template name will be the name of the shortcode.
|
|
|
|
In creating a shortcode you can choose if the short code will use positional
|
|
parameters or named parameters (but not both). A good rule of thumb is that if a
|
|
short code has a single required value in the case of the youtube example below
|
|
then positional works very well. For more complex layouts with optional
|
|
parameters named parameters work best.
|
|
|
|
**Inside the template**
|
|
|
|
To access a parameter by position the .Get method can be used.
|
|
|
|
{{ .Get 0 }}
|
|
|
|
To access a parameter by name the .Get method should be utilized
|
|
|
|
{{ .Get "class" }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
With is great when the output depends on a parameter being set
|
|
|
|
{{ with .Get "class"}} class="{{.}}"{{ end }}
|
|
|
|
Get can also be used to check if a parameter has been provided. This is
|
|
most helpful when the condition depends on either one value or another...
|
|
or both.
|
|
|
|
{{ or .Get "title" | .Get "alt" | if }} alt="{{ with .Get "alt"}}{{.}}{{else}}{{.Get "title"}}{{end}}"{{ end }}
|
|
|
|
If a closing shortcode is used, the variable .Inner will be populated with all
|
|
of the content between the opening and closing shortcodes. If a closing
|
|
shortcode is required, you can check the length of .Inner and provide a warning
|
|
to the user.
|
|
|
|
## Single Positional Example: youtube
|
|
|
|
{{% youtube 09jf3ow9jfw %}}
|
|
|
|
Would load the template /layouts/shortcodes/youtube.html
|
|
|
|
<div class="embed video-player">
|
|
<iframe class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="385" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/{{ index .Params 0 }}" allowfullscreen frameborder="0">
|
|
</iframe>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
This would be rendered as
|
|
|
|
<div class="embed video-player">
|
|
<iframe class="youtube-player" type="text/html"
|
|
width="640" height="385"
|
|
src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/09jf3ow9jfw"
|
|
allowfullscreen frameborder="0">
|
|
</iframe>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
## Single Named Example: image with caption
|
|
*Example has an extra space so Hugo doesn't actually render it*
|
|
|
|
{{ % img src="/media/spf13.jpg" title="Steve Francia" %}}
|
|
|
|
Would load the template /layouts/shortcodes/img.html
|
|
<!-- image -->
|
|
<figure {{ with .Get "class" }}class="{{.}}"{{ end }}>
|
|
{{ with .Get "link"}}<a href="{{.}}">{{ end }}
|
|
<img src="{{ .Get "src" }}" {{ if or (.Get "alt") (.Get "caption") }}alt="{{ with .Get "alt"}}{{.}}{{else}}{{ .Get "caption" }}{{ end }}"{{ end }} />
|
|
{{ if .Get "link"}}</a>{{ end }}
|
|
{{ if or (or (.Get "title") (.Get "caption")) (.Get "attr")}}
|
|
<figcaption>{{ if isset .Params "title" }}
|
|
<h4>{{ .Get "title" }}</h4>{{ end }}
|
|
{{ if or (.Get "caption") (.Get "attr")}}<p>
|
|
{{ .Get "caption" }}
|
|
{{ with .Get "attrlink"}}<a href="{{.}}"> {{ end }}
|
|
{{ .Get "attr" }}
|
|
{{ if .Get "attrlink"}}</a> {{ end }}
|
|
</p> {{ end }}
|
|
</figcaption>
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
</figure>
|
|
<!-- image -->
|
|
|
|
Would be rendered as:
|
|
|
|
<figure >
|
|
<img src="/media/spf13.jpg" />
|
|
<figcaption>
|
|
<h4>Steve Francia</h4>
|
|
</figcaption>
|
|
</figure>
|
|
|
|
## Paired Example: Highlight
|
|
*Hugo already ships with the highlight shortcode*
|
|
|
|
*Example has an extra space so Hugo doesn't actually render it*.
|
|
|
|
{{% highlight html %}}
|
|
<html>
|
|
<body> This HTML </body>
|
|
</html>
|
|
{{% /highlight %}}
|
|
|
|
The template for this utilizes the following code (already include in hugo)
|
|
{{ .Get 0 | highlight .Inner }}
|
|
|
|
And will be rendered as:
|
|
|
|
<div class="highlight" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span style="color: #f92672"><html></span>
|
|
<span style="color: #f92672"><body></span> This HTML <span style="color: #f92672"></body></span>
|
|
<span style="color: #f92672"></html></span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
|
|
Please notice that this template makes use of a hugo specific template function
|
|
called highlight which uses pygments to add the highlighting code.
|
|
|
|
More shortcode examples can be found at [spf13.com](https://github.com/spf13/spf13.com/tree/master/layouts/shortcodes)
|