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hugo/docs/content/en/templates/base.md
Bjørn Erik Pedersen 59ebc83d72
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Base Templates and Blocks The base and block constructs allow you to define the outer shell of your master templates (i.e., the chrome of the page). https://golang.org/pkg/text/template/#example_Template_block 2017-02-01 2017-02-01 2017-02-01
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The block keyword allows you to define the outer shell of your pages' one or more master template(s) and then fill in or override portions as necessary.

{{< youtube QVOMCYitLEc >}}

Base Template Lookup Order

The lookup order for base templates is as follows:

  1. /layouts/section/<TYPE>-baseof.html
  2. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/section/<TYPE>-baseof.html
  3. /layouts/<TYPE>/baseof.html
  4. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/<TYPE>/baseof.html
  5. /layouts/section/baseof.html
  6. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/section/baseof.html
  7. /layouts/_default/<TYPE>-baseof.html
  8. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/_default/<TYPE>-baseof.html
  9. /layouts/_default/baseof.html
  10. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/_default/baseof.html

Variables are denoted by capitalized text set within <>. Note that Hugo's default behavior is for type to inherit from section unless otherwise specified.

Example Base Template Lookup Order

As an example, let's assume your site is using a theme called "mytheme" when rendering the section list for a post section. Hugo picks layout/section/post.html as the template for rendering the section. The {{define}} block in this template tells Hugo that the template is an extension of a base template.

Here is the lookup order for the post base template:

  1. /layouts/section/post-baseof.html
  2. /themes/mytheme/layouts/section/post-baseof.html
  3. /layouts/post/baseof.html
  4. /themes/mytheme/layouts/post/baseof.html
  5. /layouts/section/baseof.html
  6. /themes/mytheme/layouts/section/baseof.html
  7. /layouts/_default/post-baseof.html
  8. /themes/mytheme/layouts/_default/post-baseof.html
  9. /layouts/_default/baseof.html
  10. /themes/mytheme/layouts/_default/baseof.html

Define the Base Template

The following defines a simple base template at _default/baseof.html. As a default template, it is the shell from which all your pages will be rendered unless you specify another *baseof.html closer to the beginning of the lookup order.

{{< code file="layouts/_default/baseof.html" download="baseof.html" >}}

<html> <head> </head> {{ block "main" . }} {{ end }} {{ block "footer" . }} {{ end }} </html> {{< /code >}}

Override the Base Template

From the above base template, you can define a default list template. The default list template will inherit all of the code defined above and can then implement its own "main" block from:

{{< code file="layouts/_default/list.html" download="list.html" >}} {{ define "main" }}

Posts

{{ range .Pages }}

{{ .Title }}

{{ .Content }}
{{ end }} {{ end }} {{< /code >}}

This replaces the contents of our (basically empty) "main" block with something useful for the list template. In this case, we didn't define a "title" block, so the contents from our base template remain unchanged in lists.

{{% warning %}} Code that you put outside the block definitions can break your layout. This even includes HTML comments. For example:

<!-- Seemingly harmless HTML comment..that will break your layout at build -->
{{ define "main" }}
...your code here
{{ end }}

See this thread from the Hugo discussion forums. {{% /warning %}}

The following shows how you can override both the "main" and "title" block areas from the base template with code unique to your default single page template:

{{< code file="layouts/_default/single.html" download="single.html" >}} {{ define "title" }}

{{ .Title }} – {{ .Site.Title }} {{ end }} {{ define "main" }}

{{ .Title }}

{{ .Content }} {{ end }} {{< /code >}}