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hugo/docs/content/en/templates/base.md
Bjørn Erik Pedersen ddc15ed41b
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title linktitle description godocref date publishdate lastmod categories keywords menu weight sections_weight draft aliases toc
Base Templates and Blocks The base and block constructs allow you to define the outer shell of your master templates (i.e., the chrome of the page). https://golang.org/pkg/text/template/#example_Template_block 2017-02-01 2017-02-01 2017-02-01
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The block keyword allows you to define the outer shell of your pages' one or more master template(s) and then fill in or override portions as necessary.

{{< youtube QVOMCYitLEc >}}

Base Template Lookup Order

The lookup order for base templates is as follows:

  1. /layouts/section/<TYPE>-baseof.html
  2. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/section/<TYPE>-baseof.html
  3. /layouts/<TYPE>/baseof.html
  4. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/<TYPE>/baseof.html
  5. /layouts/section/baseof.html
  6. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/section/baseof.html
  7. /layouts/_default/<TYPE>-baseof.html
  8. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/_default/<TYPE>-baseof.html
  9. /layouts/_default/baseof.html
  10. /themes/<THEME>/layouts/_default/baseof.html

Variables are denoted by capitalized text set within <>. Note that Hugo's default behavior is for type to inherit from section unless otherwise specified.

Example Base Template Lookup Order

As an example, let's assume your site is using a theme called "mytheme" when rendering the section list for a posts section. Hugo picks layout/section/posts.html as the template for rendering the section. The {{define}} block in this template tells Hugo that the template is an extension of a base template.

Here is the lookup order for the posts base template:

  1. /layouts/section/posts-baseof.html
  2. /themes/mytheme/layouts/section/posts-baseof.html
  3. /layouts/posts/baseof.html
  4. /themes/mytheme/layouts/posts/baseof.html
  5. /layouts/section/baseof.html
  6. /themes/mytheme/layouts/section/baseof.html
  7. /layouts/_default/posts-baseof.html
  8. /themes/mytheme/layouts/_default/posts-baseof.html
  9. /layouts/_default/baseof.html
  10. /themes/mytheme/layouts/_default/baseof.html

Define the Base Template

The following defines a simple base template at _default/baseof.html. As a default template, it is the shell from which all your pages will be rendered unless you specify another *baseof.html closer to the beginning of the lookup order.

{{< code file="layouts/_default/baseof.html" download="baseof.html" >}}

<html> <head> </head> {{ block "main" . }} {{ end }} {{ block "footer" . }} {{ end }} </html> {{< /code >}}

Override the Base Template

From the above base template, you can define a default list template. The default list template will inherit all of the code defined above and can then implement its own "main" block from:

{{< code file="layouts/_default/list.html" download="list.html" >}} {{ define "main" }}

Posts

{{ range .Pages }}

{{ .Title }}

{{ .Content }}
{{ end }} {{ end }} {{< /code >}}

This replaces the contents of our (basically empty) "main" block with something useful for the list template. In this case, we didn't define a "title" block, so the contents from our base template remain unchanged in lists.

{{% warning %}} Code that you put outside the block definitions can break your layout. This even includes HTML comments. For example:

<!-- Seemingly harmless HTML comment..that will break your layout at build -->
{{ define "main" }}
...your code here
{{ end }}

See this thread from the Hugo discussion forums. {{% /warning %}}

The following shows how you can override both the "main" and "title" block areas from the base template with code unique to your default single page template:

{{< code file="layouts/_default/single.html" download="single.html" >}} {{ define "title" }}

{{ .Title }} – {{ .Site.Title }} {{ end }} {{ define "main" }}

{{ .Title }}

{{ .Content }} {{ end }} {{< /code >}}