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141 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
141 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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aliases:
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- /doc/dynamiccontent/
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date: 2015-02-14
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menu:
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main:
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parent: extras
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next: /extras/highlighting
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prev: /extras/datafiles
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title: Dynamic Content
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weight: 91
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toc: true
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---
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Dynamic content with a static site generator? Yes, it is possible!
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In addition to the [data files](/extras/datafiles/) feature, we have also
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implemented the feature "Dynamic Content", which lets you load
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any [JSON](http://www.json.org/) or
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[CSV](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values) file
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from nearly any resource.
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"Dynamic Content" currently consists of two functions, `getJSON`
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and `getCSV`, which are available in **all template files**.
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## Implementation details
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### Calling the functions with an URL
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In any HTML template or Markdown document, call the functions like this:
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{{ $dataJ := getJSON "url" }}
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{{ $dataC := getCSV "separator" "url" }}
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or, if you use a prefix or postfix for the URL, the functions
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accept [variadic arguments](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variadic_function):
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{{ $dataJ := getJSON "url prefix" "arg1" "arg2" "arg n" }}
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{{ $dataC := getCSV "separator" "url prefix" "arg1" "arg2" "arg n" }}
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The separator for `getCSV` must be put in the first position and can only
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be one character long.
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All passed arguments will be joined to the final URL; for example:
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{{ $urlPre := "https://api.github.com" }}
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{{ $gistJ := getJSON $urlPre "/users/GITHUB_USERNAME/gists" }}
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will resolve internally to:
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{{ $gistJ := getJSON "https://api.github.com/users/GITHUB_USERNAME/gists" }}
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Finally, you can range over an array. This example will output the
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first 5 gists for a GitHub user:
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<ul>
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{{ $urlPre := "https://api.github.com" }}
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{{ $gistJ := getJSON $urlPre "/users/GITHUB_USERNAME/gists" }}
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{{ range first 5 $gistJ }}
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{{ if .public }}
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<li><a href="{{ .html_url }}" target="_blank">{{ .description }}</a></li>
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{{ end }}
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{{ end }}
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</ul>
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### Example for CSV files
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For `getCSV`, the one-character long separator must be placed in the
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first position followed by the URL.
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Name</th>
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<th>Position</th>
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<th>Salary</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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{{ $url := "http://a-big-corp.com/finance/employee-salaries.csv" }}
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{{ $sep := "," }}
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{{ range $i, $r := getCSV $sep $url }}
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<tr>
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<td>{{ index $r 0 }}</td>
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<td>{{ index $r 1 }}</td>
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<td>{{ index $r 2 }}</td>
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</tr>
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{{ end }}
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</tbody>
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</table>
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The expression `{{index $r number}}` must be used to output the nth-column from
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the current row.
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### Caching of URLs
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Each downloaded URL will be cached in the default folder `$TMPDIR/hugo_cache/`.
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The variable `$TMPDIR` will be resolved to your system-dependent
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temporary directory.
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With the command-line flag `--cacheDir`, you can specify any folder on
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your system as a caching directory.
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If you don't like caching at all, you can fully disable to read from the
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cache with the command line flag `--ignoreCache`. However, Hugo will always
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write, on each build of the site, to the cache folder (silent backup).
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### Authentication when using REST URLs
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Currently, you can only use those authentication methods that can
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be put into an URL. [OAuth](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAuth) or
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other authentication methods are not implemented.
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### Loading local files
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To load local files with the two functions `getJSON` and `getCSV`, the
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source files must reside within Hugo's working directory. The file
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extension does not matter but the content.
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It applies the same output logic as in the topic: *Calling the functions with an URL*.
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## LiveReload
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There is no chance to trigger a [LiveReload](/extras/livereload/) when
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the content of an URL changes. However, when a local JSON/CSV file changes,
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then a LiveReload will be triggered of course. Symlinks not supported.
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**URLs and LiveReload**: If you change any local file and the LiveReload
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got triggered, Hugo will either read the URL content from the cache or, if
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you have disabled the cache, Hugo will re-download the content.
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This can create huge traffic and you may also reach API limits quickly.
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As downloading of content takes a while, Hugo stops with processing
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your Markdown files until the content has been downloaded.
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## Examples
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- Photo gallery JSON powered: [https://github.com/pcdummy/hugo-lightslider-example](https://github.com/pcdummy/hugo-lightslider-example)
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- GitHub Starred Repositories [in a posts](https://github.com/SchumacherFM/blog-cs/blob/master/content%2Fposts%2Fgithub-starred.md) with the related [short code](https://github.com/SchumacherFM/blog-cs/blob/master/layouts%2Fshortcodes%2FghStarred.html).
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- More? Please tell us!
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