diff --git a/services/web/scripts/add_user_count_to_csv.js b/services/web/scripts/add_user_count_to_csv.mjs
similarity index 82%
rename from services/web/scripts/add_user_count_to_csv.js
rename to services/web/scripts/add_user_count_to_csv.mjs
index ae841e9bcd..494988c3f6 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/add_user_count_to_csv.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/add_user_count_to_csv.mjs
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
-// Usage: node scripts/add_user_count_to_csv.js [OPTS] [INPUT-FILE]
+// Usage: node scripts/add_user_count_to_csv.mjs [OPTS] [INPUT-FILE]
 // Looks up the number of users for each domain in the input csv file and adds
 // columns for the number of users in the domain, subdomains, and total.
-const fs = require('fs')
-const csv = require('csv/sync')
-const minimist = require('minimist')
-const UserGetter = require('../app/src/Features/User/UserGetter')
-const { db, waitForDb } = require('../app/src/infrastructure/mongodb')
-const _ = require('lodash')
+import fs from 'fs'
+// https://github.com/import-js/eslint-plugin-import/issues/1810
+// eslint-disable-next-line import/no-unresolved
+import * as csv from 'csv/sync'
+import minimist from 'minimist'
+import UserGetter from '../app/src/Features/User/UserGetter.js'
+import { db, waitForDb } from '../app/src/infrastructure/mongodb.js'
+import _ from 'lodash'
 
 const argv = minimist(process.argv.slice(2), {
   string: ['domain', 'output'],
@@ -84,12 +86,11 @@ async function getUsersByHostnameWithSubdomain(domain, projection) {
   return await db.users.find(query, { projection }).toArray()
 }
 
-main()
-  .then(() => {
-    console.error('Done')
-    process.exit(0)
-  })
-  .catch(err => {
-    console.error(err)
-    process.exit(1)
-  })
+try {
+  await main()
+  console.log('Done')
+  process.exit(0)
+} catch (error) {
+  console.error(error)
+  process.exit(1)
+}
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/bench_bcrypt.js b/services/web/scripts/bench_bcrypt.mjs
similarity index 86%
rename from services/web/scripts/bench_bcrypt.js
rename to services/web/scripts/bench_bcrypt.mjs
index 5b4fe9c802..79a27224cd 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/bench_bcrypt.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/bench_bcrypt.mjs
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
-const minimist = require('minimist')
-const { promisify } = require('util')
-const bcrypt = require('bcrypt')
-const { promiseMapWithLimit } = require('@overleaf/promise-utils')
-const csv = require('csv/sync')
+import minimist from 'minimist'
+import { promisify } from 'util'
+import bcrypt from 'bcrypt'
+import { promiseMapWithLimit } from '@overleaf/promise-utils'
+// https://github.com/import-js/eslint-plugin-import/issues/1810
+// eslint-disable-next-line import/no-unresolved
+import * as csv from 'csv/sync'
 
 const bcryptCompare = promisify(bcrypt.compare)
 const bcryptGenSalt = promisify(bcrypt.genSalt)
@@ -111,11 +113,10 @@ async function main() {
   if (argv.csv) console.log(csv.stringify(STATS, { header: true }))
 }
 
-main()
-  .then(() => {
-    process.exit(0)
-  })
-  .catch(err => {
-    console.error(err)
-    process.exit(1)
-  })
+try {
+  await main()
+  process.exit(0)
+} catch (error) {
+  console.error(error)
+  process.exit(1)
+}
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/README.md b/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/README.md
index b425c5c576..27c903d96f 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/README.md
+++ b/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Usage
 
 ```
-node scripts/learn/checkSanitize https://LEARN_WIKI
+node scripts/learn/checkSanitize/index.mjs https://LEARN_WIKI
 ```
 
 ## Bulk export
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/checkSanitizeOptions.js b/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/checkSanitizeOptions.mjs
similarity index 85%
rename from services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/checkSanitizeOptions.js
rename to services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/checkSanitizeOptions.mjs
index da7c221112..6eec5ce845 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/checkSanitizeOptions.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/checkSanitizeOptions.mjs
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
-const crypto = require('crypto')
-const fs = require('fs')
-const Path = require('path')
-
-const cheerio = require('cheerio')
-const prettier = require('prettier')
-const sanitizeHtml = require('sanitize-html')
-
-const {
-  sanitizeOptions,
-} = require('../../../modules/learn/app/src/sanitizeOptions')
+import crypto from 'crypto'
+import fs from 'fs'
+import Path from 'path'
+import cheerio from 'cheerio'
+// checkSanitizeOptions is only used in dev env
+// eslint-disable-next-line import/no-extraneous-dependencies
+import prettier from 'prettier'
+import sanitizeHtml from 'sanitize-html'
+import { sanitizeOptions } from '../../../modules/learn/app/src/sanitizeOptions.js'
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url'
 
+const __dirname = Path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url))
 const EXTRACT_STYLE = process.env.EXTRACT_STYLES === 'true'
 const OMIT_STYLE = process.env.OMIT_STYLE !== 'false'
 const DUMP_CSS_IN = Path.join(
@@ -115,6 +115,4 @@ function checkSanitizeOptions(page, title, text) {
   console.error('sanitizedToText:', peak(sanitizedToText, offsetText))
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  checkSanitizeOptions,
-}
+export default checkSanitizeOptions
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/index.js b/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/index.mjs
similarity index 56%
rename from services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/index.js
rename to services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/index.mjs
index 340383bc98..6040e831e8 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/index.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/index.mjs
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
-const { checkSanitizeOptions } = require('./checkSanitizeOptions')
-const { getAllPagesAndCache, scrapeAndCachePage } = require('./scrape')
+import checkSanitizeOptions from './checkSanitizeOptions.mjs'
+import Scrape from './scrape.mjs'
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url'
+
+const { getAllPagesAndCache, scrapeAndCachePage } = Scrape
 
 async function main() {
   const BASE_URL = process.argv.pop()
   if (!BASE_URL.startsWith('http')) {
     throw new Error(
-      'Usage: node scripts/learn/checkSanitize https://LEARN_WIKI'
+      'Usage: node scripts/learn/checkSanitize/index.mjs https://LEARN_WIKI'
     )
   }
 
@@ -27,9 +30,12 @@ async function main() {
   }
 }
 
-if (require.main === module) {
-  main().catch(err => {
-    console.error(err)
+if (fileURLToPath(import.meta.url) === process.argv[1]) {
+  try {
+    await main()
+    process.exit(0)
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error(error)
     process.exit(1)
-  })
+  }
 }
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/scrape.js b/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/scrape.mjs
similarity index 93%
rename from services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/scrape.js
rename to services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/scrape.mjs
index 7d14d4504f..4052ed2797 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/scrape.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/learn/checkSanitize/scrape.mjs
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
-const Path = require('path')
-const fs = require('fs')
-
-const {
+import Path from 'path'
+import fs from 'fs'
+import {
   fetchString,
   fetchJson,
   RequestFailedError,
-} = require('@overleaf/fetch-utils')
+} from '@overleaf/fetch-utils'
+import crypto from 'crypto'
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url'
 
+const __dirname = Path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url))
 const CACHE_IN = Path.join(
   Path.dirname(Path.dirname(Path.dirname(__dirname))),
   'data',
@@ -33,8 +35,6 @@ async function scrape(baseUrl, page) {
   }
 }
 
-const crypto = require('crypto')
-
 function hash(blob) {
   return crypto.createHash('sha1').update(blob).digest('hex')
 }
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ async function getAllPagesAndCache(baseUrl) {
   }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
+export default {
   getAllPagesAndCache,
   scrapeAndCachePage,
 }
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/plan-prices/README.md b/services/web/scripts/plan-prices/README.md
index 948911548f..d26b288108 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/plan-prices/README.md
+++ b/services/web/scripts/plan-prices/README.md
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ The scripts will put the output results into the `output` folder.
 
 ### Create localized and group plan pricing
 
-_Command_ `node plans.js -f fileName -o outputdir` - generates three json files:
+_Command_ `node plans.mjs -f fileName -o outputdir` - generates three json files:
 
 - `localizedPlanPricing.json` for `/services/web/config/settings.overrides.saas.js`
 - `groups.json` for `/services/web/app/templates/plans/groups.json`
@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ _Command_ `node plans.js -f fileName -o outputdir` - generates three json files:
 The input file can be in `.csv` or `.json` format
 
 - `.csv` csv format
-- `.json` json format from the `recurly_prices.js --download` script output
+- `.json` json format from the `recurly_prices.mjs --download` script output
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/plan-prices/plans.js b/services/web/scripts/plan-prices/plans.mjs
similarity index 92%
rename from services/web/scripts/plan-prices/plans.js
rename to services/web/scripts/plan-prices/plans.mjs
index b1b2719fd8..b648c77cb5 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/plan-prices/plans.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/plan-prices/plans.mjs
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 // Creates data for localizedPlanPricing object in settings.overrides.saas.js
 // and plans object in main/plans.js
 
-const csv = require('csv/sync')
-const fs = require('fs')
-const path = require('path')
-const minimist = require('minimist')
+// https://github.com/import-js/eslint-plugin-import/issues/1810
+// eslint-disable-next-line import/no-unresolved
+import * as csv from 'csv/sync'
+import fs from 'fs'
+import path from 'path'
+import minimist from 'minimist'
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url'
+
+const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url))
 
 function readCSVFile(fileName) {
   // Pick the csv file
@@ -156,7 +161,7 @@ if (argv.file) {
       console.log('Invalid file type: must be csv or json')
   }
 } else {
-  console.log('usage: node plans.js -f <file.csv|file.json> -o <dir>')
+  console.log('usage: node plans.mjs -f <file.csv|file.json> -o <dir>')
   process.exit(1)
 }
 // removes quotes from object keys
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/recurly/change_prices_at_renewal.js b/services/web/scripts/recurly/change_prices_at_renewal.mjs
similarity index 95%
rename from services/web/scripts/recurly/change_prices_at_renewal.js
rename to services/web/scripts/recurly/change_prices_at_renewal.mjs
index 596b1e8278..05c28ddfe9 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/recurly/change_prices_at_renewal.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/recurly/change_prices_at_renewal.mjs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-const fs = require('fs')
-const { setTimeout } = require('timers/promises')
-const csv = require('csv')
-const minimist = require('minimist')
-const recurly = require('recurly')
-const Settings = require('@overleaf/settings')
+import fs from 'fs'
+import { setTimeout } from 'timers/promises'
+import * as csv from 'csv'
+import minimist from 'minimist'
+import recurly from 'recurly'
+import Settings from '@overleaf/settings'
 
 const recurlyClient = new recurly.Client(Settings.apis.recurly.apiKey)
 
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ function parseArgs() {
 }
 
 function usage() {
-  console.error(`Usage: node scripts/recurly/change_prices_at_renewal.js [OPTS] [INPUT-FILE]
+  console.error(`Usage: node scripts/recurly/change_prices_at_renewal.mjs [OPTS] [INPUT-FILE]
 
 Options:
 
@@ -222,7 +222,9 @@ class ReportError extends Error {
   }
 }
 
-main().catch(err => {
-  console.error(err)
+try {
+  await main()
+} catch (error) {
+  console.error(error)
   process.exit(1)
-})
+}
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/recurly/generate_recurly_prices.js b/services/web/scripts/recurly/generate_recurly_prices.mjs
similarity index 91%
rename from services/web/scripts/recurly/generate_recurly_prices.js
rename to services/web/scripts/recurly/generate_recurly_prices.mjs
index 4279bc921d..f9d6e49e37 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/recurly/generate_recurly_prices.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/recurly/generate_recurly_prices.mjs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 //
 // Usage:
 //
-// $ node scripts/recurly/generate_recurly_prices.js -f input.csv -o prices.json
+// $ node scripts/recurly/generate_recurly_prices.mjs -f input.csv -o prices.json
 //
 // The input csv file has the following format:
 //
@@ -16,10 +16,13 @@
 //
 // The output can be used as input for the upload script `recurly_prices.js`.
 
-const minimist = require('minimist')
-const csv = require('csv/sync')
-const _ = require('lodash')
-const fs = require('fs')
+import minimist from 'minimist'
+
+// https://github.com/import-js/eslint-plugin-import/issues/1810
+// eslint-disable-next-line import/no-unresolved
+import * as csv from 'csv/sync'
+import _ from 'lodash'
+import fs from 'fs'
 
 const argv = minimist(process.argv.slice(2), {
   string: ['output', 'file'],
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/recurly/recurly_prices.js b/services/web/scripts/recurly/recurly_prices.mjs
similarity index 92%
rename from services/web/scripts/recurly/recurly_prices.js
rename to services/web/scripts/recurly/recurly_prices.mjs
index 6a7151c613..cf9649da1a 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/recurly/recurly_prices.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/recurly/recurly_prices.mjs
@@ -14,11 +14,12 @@
 // The idea is to download the current prices to a file, update them locally (e.g. via a script)
 // and then upload them to recurly.
 
-const recurly = require('recurly')
-const Settings = require('@overleaf/settings')
-const minimist = require('minimist')
-const _ = require('lodash')
-const fs = require('fs')
+import recurly from 'recurly'
+
+import Settings from '@overleaf/settings'
+import minimist from 'minimist'
+import _ from 'lodash'
+import fs from 'fs'
 
 const recurlySettings = Settings.apis.recurly
 const recurlyApiKey = recurlySettings ? recurlySettings.apiKey : undefined
@@ -203,23 +204,21 @@ if (argv.upload && DRY_RUN === COMMIT) {
 }
 
 if (argv.download) {
-  download(argv.output)
-    .then(() => {
-      process.exit(0)
-    })
-    .catch(error => {
-      console.error({ error })
-      process.exit(1)
-    })
+  try {
+    await download(argv.output)
+    process.exit(0)
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error({ error })
+    process.exit(1)
+  }
 } else if (argv.upload) {
-  upload(argv.file)
-    .then(() => {
-      process.exit(0)
-    })
-    .catch(error => {
-      console.error({ error })
-      process.exit(1)
-    })
+  try {
+    await upload(argv.file)
+    process.exit(0)
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error({ error })
+    process.exit(1)
+  }
 } else {
   console.log(
     'usage:\n' + '  --save -o file.json\n' + '  --load -f file.json\n'
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/recurly/resync_subscriptions.js b/services/web/scripts/recurly/resync_subscriptions.mjs
similarity index 88%
rename from services/web/scripts/recurly/resync_subscriptions.js
rename to services/web/scripts/recurly/resync_subscriptions.mjs
index 29345fb65c..dce61b114d 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/recurly/resync_subscriptions.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/recurly/resync_subscriptions.mjs
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-const { Subscription } = require('../../app/src/models/Subscription')
-const RecurlyWrapper = require('../../app/src/Features/Subscription/RecurlyWrapper')
-const SubscriptionUpdater = require('../../app/src/Features/Subscription/SubscriptionUpdater')
-const minimist = require('minimist')
-const { setTimeout } = require('node:timers/promises')
+import { Subscription } from '../../app/src/models/Subscription.js'
+import RecurlyWrapper from '../../app/src/Features/Subscription/RecurlyWrapper.js'
+import SubscriptionUpdater from '../../app/src/Features/Subscription/SubscriptionUpdater.js'
+import minimist from 'minimist'
+import { setTimeout } from 'node:timers/promises'
 
-// make sure all `allMismatchReasons` are displayed in the output
-const util = require('util')
-const pLimit = require('p-limit')
-const { waitForDb } = require('../../app/src/infrastructure/mongodb')
+import util from 'util'
+
+import pLimit from 'p-limit'
+import { waitForDb } from '../../app/src/infrastructure/mongodb.js'
 
 util.inspect.defaultOptions.maxArrayLength = null
 
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ const ScriptLogger = {
   mismatchSubscriptionsCount: 0,
   allMismatchReasons: {},
 
+  // make sure all `allMismatchReasons` are displayed in the output
   recordMismatch: (subscription, recurlySubscription) => {
     const mismatchReasons = {}
     if (subscription.planCode !== recurlySubscription.plan.plan_code) {
@@ -184,6 +185,5 @@ const setup = () => {
 }
 
 setup()
-run().then(() => {
-  process.exit()
-})
+await run()
+process.exit()
diff --git a/services/web/scripts/sync-user-entitlements/sync-user-entitlements.js b/services/web/scripts/sync-user-entitlements/sync-user-entitlements.mjs
similarity index 94%
rename from services/web/scripts/sync-user-entitlements/sync-user-entitlements.js
rename to services/web/scripts/sync-user-entitlements/sync-user-entitlements.mjs
index a40527e5e6..70f4d856ae 100644
--- a/services/web/scripts/sync-user-entitlements/sync-user-entitlements.js
+++ b/services/web/scripts/sync-user-entitlements/sync-user-entitlements.mjs
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
-'use strict'
-
-const fs = require('fs')
-const minimist = require('minimist')
-
-const InstitutionsAPI =
-  require('../../app/src/Features/Institutions/InstitutionsAPI').promises
+import fs from 'fs'
+import minimist from 'minimist'
+import InstitutionsAPIModule from '../../app/src/Features/Institutions/InstitutionsAPI.js'
 
+const { promises: InstitutionsAPI } = InstitutionsAPIModule
 const argv = minimist(process.argv.slice(2))
 const commit = argv.commit !== undefined
 const ignoreNulls = !!argv['ignore-nulls']
@@ -17,10 +14,6 @@ if (!commit) {
 const userEntitlements = loadUserEntitlements(argv['user-entitlements'])
 const cachedEntitlements = loadCachedEntitlements(argv['cached-entitlements'])
 
-syncUserEntitlements(userEntitlements, cachedEntitlements)
-  .catch(err => console.error(err.stack))
-  .then(() => process.exit())
-
 async function syncUserEntitlements(userEntitlements, cachedEntitlements) {
   // check for user entitlements in mongo but not in postgres
   for (const key of Object.keys(userEntitlements)) {
@@ -194,3 +187,10 @@ function loadCachedEntitlements(cachedEntitlementsFilename) {
 
   return cachedEntitlements
 }
+
+try {
+  await syncUserEntitlements(userEntitlements, cachedEntitlements)
+} catch (error) {
+  console.error(error.stack)
+}
+process.exit()