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109 lines
3 KiB
Markdown
109 lines
3 KiB
Markdown
---
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lastmod: 2015-12-23
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date: 2014-05-26
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linktitle: Usage
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toc: true
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menu:
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main:
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parent: taxonomy
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next: /taxonomies/displaying
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prev: /taxonomies/overview
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title: Using Taxonomies
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weight: 15
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---
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## Defining taxonomies for a site
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Taxonomies must be defined in the site configuration before they can be
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used throughout the site. You need to provide both the plural and
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singular labels for each taxonomy.
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Here is an example configuration in TOML and YAML
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that specifies three taxonomies (the default two, plus `series`).
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Notice the format is <code><strong>singular key</strong> = "<em>plural value</em>"</code> for TOML,
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or <code><strong>singular key</strong>: "<em>plural value</em>"</code> for YAML:
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<table class="table">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>config.toml excerpt:</th><th>config.yaml excerpt:</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr valign="top">
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<td><pre><code class="language-toml">[taxonomies]
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tag = "tags"
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category = "categories"
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series = "series"
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</code></pre></td>
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<td><pre><code class="language-yaml">taxonomies:
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tag: "tags"
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category: "categories"
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series: "series"
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</code></pre></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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## Assigning taxonomy values to content
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Once an taxonomy is defined at the site level, any piece of content
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can be assigned to it regardless of content type or section.
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Assigning content to an taxonomy is done in the front matter.
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Simply create a variable with the *plural* name of the taxonomy
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and assign all terms you want to apply to this content.
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## Preserving taxonomy values
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By default, taxonomy names are hyphenated, lower-cased and normalized, and then
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fixed and titleized on the archive page.
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However, if you want to have a taxonomy value with special characters
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such as `Gérard Depardieu` instead of `Gerard Depardieu`,
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you need to set the `preserveTaxonomyNames` [site configuration](/overview/configuration/) variable to `true`.
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Hugo will then preserve special characters in taxonomy values
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but will still titleize the values for titles and normalize them in URLs.
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Note that if you use `preserveTaxonomyNames` and intend to manually construct URLs to the archive pages,
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you will need to pass the taxonomy values through the `urlize` template function.
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## Front Matter Example (in TOML)
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```toml
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+++
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title = "Hugo: A fast and flexible static site generator"
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tags = [ "Development", "Go", "fast", "Blogging" ]
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categories = [ "Development" ]
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series = [ "Go Web Dev" ]
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slug = "hugo"
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project_url = "https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo"
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+++
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```
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## Front Matter Example (in JSON)
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```json
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{
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"title": "Hugo: A fast and flexible static site generator",
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"tags": [
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"Development",
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"Go",
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"fast",
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"Blogging"
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],
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"categories" : [
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"Development"
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],
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"series" : [
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"Go Web Dev"
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],
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"slug": "hugo",
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"project_url": "https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo"
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}
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```
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## Add content file with frontmatter
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See [Source Organization]({{< relref "overview/source-directory.md#content-for-home-page-and-other-list-pages" >}}).
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