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226 lines
7.9 KiB
Markdown
226 lines
7.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Internal templates
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description: Hugo ships with a group of boilerplate templates that cover the most common use cases for static websites.
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categories: [templates]
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keywords: [internal, analytics,]
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menu:
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docs:
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parent: templates
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weight: 190
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weight: 190
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toc: true
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---
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<!-- reference: https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/lookup-order-for-partials/5705/6
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code: https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/blob/e445c35d6a0c7f5fc2f90f31226cd1d46e048bbc/tpl/template_embedded.go#L147 -->
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{{% note %}}
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While the following internal templates are called similar to partials, they do *not* observe the partial template lookup order.
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{{% /note %}}
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## Google Analytics
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Hugo ships with an internal template supporting [Google Analytics 4][GA4] (GA4).
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**Note:** Universal Analytics are [deprecated].
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[GA4]: https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/10089681
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[deprecated]: https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/11583528
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### Configure Google Analytics
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Provide your tracking ID in your configuration file:
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**Google Analytics 4 (gtag.js)**
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{{< code-toggle file="hugo" >}}
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[services.googleAnalytics]
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ID = "G-MEASUREMENT_ID"
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{{</ code-toggle >}}
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### Use the Google Analytics template
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Include the Google Analytics internal template in your templates where you want the code to appear:
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```go-html-template
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{{ template "_internal/google_analytics.html" . }}
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```
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To create your own template, access the configured ID with `{{ site.Config.Services.GoogleAnalytics.ID }}`.
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## Disqus
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Hugo also ships with an internal template for [Disqus comments][disqus], a popular commenting system for both static and dynamic websites. To effectively use Disqus, secure a Disqus "shortname" by [signing up for the free service][disqussignup].
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### Configure Disqus
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To use Hugo's Disqus template, first set up a single configuration value:
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{{< code-toggle file="hugo" >}}
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[services.disqus]
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shortname = 'your-disqus-shortname'
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{{</ code-toggle >}}
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Hugo's Disqus template accesses this value with:
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```go-html-template
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{{ .Site.Config.Services.Disqus.Shortname }}
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```
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You can also set the following in the front matter for a given piece of content:
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* `disqus_identifier`
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* `disqus_title`
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* `disqus_url`
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### Use the Disqus template
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To add Disqus, include the following line in the templates where you want your comments to appear:
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```go-html-template
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{{ template "_internal/disqus.html" . }}
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```
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### Conditional loading of Disqus comments
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Users have noticed that enabling Disqus comments when running the Hugo web server on `localhost` (i.e. via `hugo server`) causes the creation of unwanted discussions on the associated Disqus account.
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You can create the following `layouts/partials/disqus.html`:
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{{< code file="layouts/partials/disqus.html" >}}
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<div id="disqus_thread"></div>
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<script type="text/javascript">
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(function() {
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// Don't ever inject Disqus on localhost--it creates unwanted
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// discussions from 'localhost:1313' on your Disqus account...
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if (window.location.hostname == "localhost")
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return;
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var dsq = document.createElement('script'); dsq.type = 'text/javascript'; dsq.async = true;
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var disqus_shortname = '{{ .Site.Config.Services.Disqus.Shortname }}';
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dsq.src = '//' + disqus_shortname + '.disqus.com/embed.js';
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(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(dsq);
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})();
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</script>
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<noscript>Please enable JavaScript to view the <a href="https://disqus.com/?ref_noscript">comments powered by Disqus.</a></noscript>
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<a href="https://disqus.com/" class="dsq-brlink">comments powered by <span class="logo-disqus">Disqus</span></a>
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{{< /code >}}
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The `if` statement skips the initialization of the Disqus comment injection when you are running on `localhost`.
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You can then render your custom Disqus partial template as follows:
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```go-html-template
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{{ partial "disqus.html" . }}
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```
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## Open Graph
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An internal template for the [Open Graph protocol](https://ogp.me/), metadata that enables a page to become a rich object in a social graph.
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This format is used for Facebook and some other sites.
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### Configure Open Graph
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Hugo's Open Graph template is configured using a mix of configuration variables and [front-matter](/content-management/front-matter/) on individual pages.
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{{< code-toggle file="hugo" >}}
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[params]
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title = "My cool site"
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images = ["site-feature-image.jpg"]
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description = "Text about my cool site"
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[taxonomies]
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series = "series"
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{{</ code-toggle >}}
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{{< code-toggle file="content/blog/my-post" >}}
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title = "Post title"
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description = "Text about this post"
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date = "2006-01-02"
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images = ["post-cover.png"]
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audio = []
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videos = []
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series = []
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tags = []
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{{</ code-toggle >}}
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Hugo uses the page title and description for the title and description metadata.
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The first 6 URLs from the `images` array are used for image metadata.
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If [page bundles](/content-management/page-bundles/) are used and the `images` array is empty or undefined, images with file names matching `*feature*` or `*cover*,*thumbnail*` are used for image metadata.
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Various optional metadata can also be set:
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- Date, published date, and last modified data are used to set the published time metadata if specified.
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- `audio` and `videos` are URL arrays like `images` for the audio and video metadata tags, respectively.
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- The first 6 `tags` on the page are used for the tags metadata.
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- The `series` taxonomy is used to specify related "see also" pages by placing them in the same series.
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If using YouTube this will produce a og:video tag like `<meta property="og:video" content="url">`. Use the `https://youtu.be/<id>` format with YouTube videos (example: `https://youtu.be/qtIqKaDlqXo`).
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### Use the Open Graph template
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To add Open Graph metadata, include the following line between the `<head>` tags in your templates:
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```go-html-template
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{{ template "_internal/opengraph.html" . }}
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```
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## Twitter Cards
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An internal template for [Twitter Cards](https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-for-websites/cards/overview/abouts-cards),
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metadata used to attach rich media to Tweets linking to your site.
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### Configure Twitter Cards
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Hugo's Twitter Card template is configured using a mix of configuration variables and [front-matter](/content-management/front-matter/) on individual pages.
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{{< code-toggle file="hugo" >}}
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[params]
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images = ["site-feature-image.jpg"]
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description = "Text about my cool site"
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{{</ code-toggle >}}
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{{< code-toggle file="content/blog/my-post" >}}
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title = "Post title"
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description = "Text about this post"
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images = ["post-cover.png"]
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{{</ code-toggle >}}
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If `images` aren't specified in the page front-matter, then hugo searches for [image page resources](/content-management/image-processing/) with `feature`, `cover`, or `thumbnail` in their name.
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If no image resources with those names are found, the images defined in the [site config](/getting-started/configuration/) are used instead.
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If no images are found at all, then an image-less Twitter `summary` card is used instead of `summary_large_image`.
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Hugo uses the page title and description for the card's title and description fields. The page summary is used if no description is given.
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Set the value of `twitter:site` in your site configuration:
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{{< code-toggle file="hugo" copy=false >}}
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[params.social]
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twitter = "GoHugoIO"
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{{</ code-toggle >}}
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NOTE: The `@` will be added for you
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```html
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<meta name="twitter:site" content="@GoHugoIO"/>
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```
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### Use the Twitter Cards template
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To add Twitter card metadata, include the following line immediately after the `<head>` element in your templates:
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```go-html-template
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{{ template "_internal/twitter_cards.html" . }}
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```
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## The internal templates
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The code for these templates is located [here](https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/tree/master/tpl/tplimpl/embedded/templates).
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* `_internal/disqus.html`
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* `_internal/google_analytics.html`
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* `_internal/opengraph.html`
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* `_internal/pagination.html`
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* `_internal/schema.html`
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* `_internal/twitter_cards.html`
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[disqus]: https://disqus.com
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[disqussignup]: https://disqus.com/profile/signup/
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