mirror of
https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo.git
synced 2024-11-21 20:46:30 -05:00
153 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
153 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
title: Links and Cross References
|
|
linkTitle: Links and Cross References
|
|
description: Shortcodes for creating links to documents.
|
|
categories: [content management]
|
|
keywords: ["cross references","references", "anchors", "urls"]
|
|
menu:
|
|
docs:
|
|
parent: content-management
|
|
weight: 170
|
|
toc: true
|
|
weight: 170
|
|
aliases: [/extras/crossreferences/]
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
The `ref` and `relref` shortcodes display the absolute and relative permalinks to a document, respectively.
|
|
|
|
## Use of `ref` and `relref`
|
|
|
|
The `ref` and `relref` shortcodes require a single parameter: the path to a content document, with or without a file extension, with or without an anchor. Paths without a leading `/` are first resolved relative to the current page, then to the remainder of the site.
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
.
|
|
└── content
|
|
├── about
|
|
| ├── _index.md
|
|
| └── credits.md
|
|
├── pages
|
|
| ├── document1.md
|
|
| └── document2.md // has anchor #anchor
|
|
├── products
|
|
| └── index.md
|
|
└── blog
|
|
└── my-post.md
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
The pages can be referenced as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
{{</* ref "document2" */>}} // <- From pages/document1.md, relative path
|
|
{{</* ref "document2#anchor" */>}}
|
|
{{</* ref "document2.md" */>}}
|
|
{{</* ref "document2.md#anchor" */>}}
|
|
{{</* ref "#anchor" */>}} // <- From pages/document2.md
|
|
{{</* ref "/blog/my-post" */>}} // <- From anywhere, absolute path
|
|
{{</* ref "/blog/my-post.md" */>}}
|
|
{{</* relref "document" */>}}
|
|
{{</* relref "document.md" */>}}
|
|
{{</* relref "#anchor" */>}}
|
|
{{</* relref "/blog/my-post.md" */>}}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
index.md can be reference either by its path or by its containing folder without the ending `/`. \_index.md can be referenced only by its containing folder:
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
{{</* ref "/about" */>}} // <- References /about/_index.md
|
|
{{</* ref "/about/_index" */>}} // Raises REF_NOT_FOUND error
|
|
{{</* ref "/about/credits.md" */>}} // <- References /about/credits.md
|
|
|
|
{{</* ref "/products" */>}} // <- References /products/index.md
|
|
{{</* ref "/products/index" */>}} // <- References /products/index.md
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
To generate a hyperlink using `ref` or `relref` in markdown:
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
[About]({{</* ref "/about" */>}} "About Us")
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Hugo emits an error or warning if a document cannot be uniquely resolved. The error behavior is configurable; see below.
|
|
|
|
### Link to another language version
|
|
|
|
To link to another language version of a document, use this syntax:
|
|
|
|
```go-html-template
|
|
{{</* relref path="document.md" lang="ja" */>}}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Get another Output Format
|
|
|
|
To link to another Output Format of a document, use this syntax:
|
|
|
|
```go-html-template
|
|
{{</* relref path="document.md" outputFormat="rss" */>}}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Heading IDs
|
|
|
|
When using Markdown document types, Hugo generates element IDs for every heading on a page. For example:
|
|
|
|
```md
|
|
## Reference
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
produces this HTML:
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
<h2 id="reference">Reference</h2>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Get the permalink to a heading by appending the ID to the path when using the `ref` or `relref` shortcodes:
|
|
|
|
```go-html-template
|
|
{{</* ref "document.md#reference" */>}}
|
|
{{</* relref "document.md#reference" */>}}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Generate a custom heading ID by including an attribute. For example:
|
|
|
|
```md
|
|
## Reference A {#foo}
|
|
## Reference B {id="bar"}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
produces this HTML:
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
<h2 id="foo">Reference A</h2>
|
|
<h2 id="bar">Reference B</h2>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Hugo will generate unique element IDs if the same heading appears more than once on a page. For example:
|
|
|
|
```md
|
|
## Reference
|
|
## Reference
|
|
## Reference
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
produces this HTML:
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
<h2 id="reference">Reference</h2>
|
|
<h2 id="reference-1">Reference</h2>
|
|
<h2 id="reference-2">Reference</h2>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Ref and RelRef Configuration
|
|
|
|
The behavior can, since Hugo 0.45, be configured in `config.toml`:
|
|
|
|
refLinksErrorLevel ("ERROR")
|
|
: When using `ref` or `relref` to resolve page links and a link cannot resolved, it will be logged with this log level. Valid values are `ERROR` (default) or `WARNING`. Any `ERROR` will fail the build (`exit -1`).
|
|
|
|
refLinksNotFoundURL
|
|
: URL to be used as a placeholder when a page reference cannot be found in `ref` or `relref`. Is used as-is.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[lists]: /templates/lists/
|
|
[output formats]: /templates/output-formats/
|
|
[shortcode]: /content-management/shortcodes/
|