mirror of
https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo.git
synced 2024-11-30 05:33:16 -05:00
132 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
132 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
title: Base Templates and Blocks
|
|
linktitle:
|
|
description: The base and block constructs allow you to define the outer shell of your master templates (i.e., the chrome of the page).
|
|
godocref: https://golang.org/pkg/text/template/#example_Template_block
|
|
date: 2017-02-01
|
|
publishdate: 2017-02-01
|
|
lastmod: 2017-02-01
|
|
categories: [templates,fundamentals]
|
|
keywords: [blocks,base]
|
|
menu:
|
|
docs:
|
|
parent: "templates"
|
|
weight: 20
|
|
weight: 20
|
|
sections_weight: 20
|
|
draft: false
|
|
aliases: [/templates/blocks/,/templates/base-templates-and-blocks/]
|
|
toc: true
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
The `block` keyword allows you to define the outer shell of your pages' one or more master template(s) and then fill in or override portions as necessary.
|
|
|
|
{{< youtube QVOMCYitLEc >}}
|
|
|
|
## Base Template Lookup Order
|
|
|
|
The [lookup order][lookup] for base templates is as follows:
|
|
|
|
1. `/layouts/section/<TYPE>-baseof.html`
|
|
2. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/section/<TYPE>-baseof.html`
|
|
3. `/layouts/<TYPE>/baseof.html`
|
|
4. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/<TYPE>/baseof.html`
|
|
5. `/layouts/section/baseof.html`
|
|
6. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/section/baseof.html`
|
|
7. `/layouts/_default/<TYPE>-baseof.html`
|
|
8. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/_default/<TYPE>-baseof.html`
|
|
9. `/layouts/_default/baseof.html`
|
|
10. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/_default/baseof.html`
|
|
|
|
Variables are denoted by capitalized text set within `<>`. Note that Hugo's default behavior is for `type` to inherit from `section` unless otherwise specified.
|
|
|
|
### Example Base Template Lookup Order
|
|
|
|
As an example, let's assume your site is using a theme called "mytheme" when rendering the section list for a `post` section. Hugo picks `layout/section/post.html` as the template for [rendering the section][]. The `{{define}}` block in this template tells Hugo that the template is an extension of a base template.
|
|
|
|
Here is the lookup order for the `post` base template:
|
|
|
|
1. `/layouts/section/post-baseof.html`
|
|
2. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/section/post-baseof.html`
|
|
3. `/layouts/post/baseof.html`
|
|
4. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/post/baseof.html`
|
|
5. `/layouts/section/baseof.html`
|
|
6. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/section/baseof.html`
|
|
7. `/layouts/_default/post-baseof.html`
|
|
8. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/_default/post-baseof.html`
|
|
9. `/layouts/_default/baseof.html`
|
|
10. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/_default/baseof.html`
|
|
|
|
## Define the Base Template
|
|
|
|
The following defines a simple base template at `_default/baseof.html`. As a default template, it is the shell from which all your pages will be rendered unless you specify another `*baseof.html` closer to the beginning of the lookup order.
|
|
|
|
{{< code file="layouts/_default/baseof.html" download="baseof.html" >}}
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html>
|
|
<head>
|
|
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
|
<title>{{ block "title" . }}
|
|
<!-- Blocks may include default content. -->
|
|
{{ .Site.Title }}
|
|
{{ end }}</title>
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<!-- Code that all your templates share, like a header -->
|
|
{{ block "main" . }}
|
|
<!-- The part of the page that begins to differ between templates -->
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
{{ block "footer" . }}
|
|
<!-- More shared code, perhaps a footer but that can be overridden if need be in -->
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|
|
{{< /code >}}
|
|
|
|
## Override the Base Template
|
|
|
|
From the above base template, you can define a [default list template][hugolists]. The default list template will inherit all of the code defined above and can then implement its own `"main"` block from:
|
|
|
|
{{< code file="layouts/_default/list.html" download="list.html" >}}
|
|
{{ define "main" }}
|
|
<h1>Posts</h1>
|
|
{{ range .Data.Pages }}
|
|
<article>
|
|
<h2>{{ .Title }}</h2>
|
|
{{ .Content }}
|
|
</article>
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
{{< /code >}}
|
|
|
|
This replaces the contents of our (basically empty) "main" block with something useful for the list template. In this case, we didn't define a `"title"` block, so the contents from our base template remain unchanged in lists.
|
|
|
|
{{% warning %}}
|
|
Code that you put outside the block definitions *can* break your layout. This even includes HTML comments. For example:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
<!-- Seemingly harmless HTML comment..that will break your layout at build -->
|
|
{{ define "main" }}
|
|
...your code here
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
```
|
|
[See this thread from the Hugo discussion forums.](https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/baseof-html-block-templates-and-list-types-results-in-empty-pages/5612/6)
|
|
{{% /warning %}}
|
|
|
|
The following shows how you can override both the `"main"` and `"title"` block areas from the base template with code unique to your [default single page template][singletemplate]:
|
|
|
|
{{< code file="layouts/_default/single.html" download="single.html" >}}
|
|
{{ define "title" }}
|
|
<!-- This will override the default value set in baseof.html; i.e., "{{.Site.Title}}" in the original example-->
|
|
{{ .Title }} – {{ .Site.Title }}
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
{{ define "main" }}
|
|
<h1>{{ .Title }}</h1>
|
|
{{ .Content }}
|
|
{{ end }}
|
|
{{< /code >}}
|
|
|
|
[hugolists]: /templates/lists
|
|
[lookup]: /templates/lookup-order/
|
|
[rendering the section]: /templates/section-templates/
|
|
[singletemplate]: /templates/single-page-templates/
|