---
title: urls.Ref
linkTitle: ref
description: Returns the absolute permalink to a page.
categories: [functions]
keywords: []
menu:
  docs:
    parent: functions
function:
  aliases: [ref]
  returnType: template.HTML
  signatures: [urls.Ref . PAGE]
relatedFunctions:
  - urls.Ref
  - urls.RelRef
aliases: [/functions/ref]
---

This function takes two arguments:

- The context of the page from which to resolve relative paths, typically the current page (`.`)
- The path to a page, with or without a file extension, with or without an anchor. A path without a leading `/` is first resolved relative to the given context, then to the remainder of the site.

```go-html-template
{{ ref . "about" }}
{{ ref . "about#anchor" }}
{{ ref . "about.md" }}
{{ ref . "about.md#anchor" }}
{{ ref . "#anchor" }}
{{ ref . "/blog/my-post" }}
{{ ref . "/blog/my-post.md" }}
```

To return the absolute permalink to another language version of a page:

```go-html-template
{{ ref . (dict "path" "about.md" "lang" "fr") }}
```

To return the absolute permalink to another Output Format of a page:

```go-html-template
{{ ref . (dict "path" "about.md" "outputFormat" "rss") }}
```

Hugo emits an error or warning if the page cannot be uniquely resolved. The error behavior is configurable; see [Ref and RelRef Configuration](/content-management/cross-references/#ref-and-relref-configuration).

This function is used by Hugo's built-in [`ref`](/content-management/shortcodes/#ref-and-relref) shortcode. For a detailed explanation of how to leverage this shortcode for content management, see [Links and Cross References](/content-management/cross-references/).