There are some breaking changes in this commit, see #11455.
Closes#11455Closes#11549
This fixes a set of bugs (see issue list) and it is also paying some technical debt accumulated over the years. We now build with Staticcheck enabled in the CI build.
The performance should be about the same as before for regular sized Hugo sites, but it should perform and scale much better to larger data sets, as objects that uses lots of memory (e.g. rendered Markdown, big JSON files read into maps with transform.Unmarshal etc.) will now get automatically garbage collected if needed. Performance on partial rebuilds when running the server in fast render mode should be the same, but the change detection should be much more accurate.
A list of the notable new features:
* A new dependency tracker that covers (almost) all of Hugo's API and is used to do fine grained partial rebuilds when running the server.
* A new and simpler tree document store which allows fast lookups and prefix-walking in all dimensions (e.g. language) concurrently.
* You can now configure an upper memory limit allowing for much larger data sets and/or running on lower specced PCs.
We have lifted the "no resources in sub folders" restriction for branch bundles (e.g. sections).
Memory Limit
* Hugos will, by default, set aside a quarter of the total system memory, but you can set this via the OS environment variable HUGO_MEMORYLIMIT (in gigabytes). This is backed by a partitioned LRU cache used throughout Hugo. A cache that gets dynamically resized in low memory situations, allowing Go's Garbage Collector to free the memory.
New Dependency Tracker: Hugo has had a rule based coarse grained approach to server rebuilds that has worked mostly pretty well, but there have been some surprises (e.g. stale content). This is now revamped with a new dependency tracker that can quickly calculate the delta given a changed resource (e.g. a content file, template, JS file etc.). This handles transitive relations, e.g. $page -> js.Build -> JS import, or $page1.Content -> render hook -> site.GetPage -> $page2.Title, or $page1.Content -> shortcode -> partial -> site.RegularPages -> $page2.Content -> shortcode ..., and should also handle changes to aggregated values (e.g. site.Lastmod) effectively.
This covers all of Hugo's API with 2 known exceptions (a list that may not be fully exhaustive):
Changes to files loaded with template func os.ReadFile may not be handled correctly. We recommend loading resources with resources.Get
Changes to Hugo objects (e.g. Page) passed in the template context to lang.Translate may not be detected correctly. We recommend having simple i18n templates without too much data context passed in other than simple types such as strings and numbers.
Note that the cachebuster configuration (when A changes then rebuild B) works well with the above, but we recommend that you revise that configuration, as it in most situations should not be needed. One example where it is still needed is with TailwindCSS and using changes to hugo_stats.json to trigger new CSS rebuilds.
Document Store: Previously, a little simplified, we split the document store (where we store pages and resources) in a tree per language. This worked pretty well, but the structure made some operations harder than they needed to be. We have now restructured it into one Radix tree for all languages. Internally the language is considered to be a dimension of that tree, and the tree can be viewed in all dimensions concurrently. This makes some operations re. language simpler (e.g. finding translations is just a slice range), but the idea is that it should also be relatively inexpensive to add more dimensions if needed (e.g. role).
Fixes#10169Fixes#10364Fixes#10482Fixes#10630Fixes#10656Fixes#10694Fixes#10918Fixes#11262Fixes#11439Fixes#11453Fixes#11457Fixes#11466Fixes#11540Fixes#11551Fixes#11556Fixes#11654Fixes#11661Fixes#11663Fixes#11664Fixes#11669Fixes#11671Fixes#11807Fixes#11808Fixes#11809Fixes#11815Fixes#11840Fixes#11853Fixes#11860Fixes#11883Fixes#11904Fixes#7388Fixes#7425Fixes#7436Fixes#7544Fixes#7882Fixes#7960Fixes#8255Fixes#8307Fixes#8863Fixes#8927Fixes#9192Fixes#9324
You can now create custom hook templates for code blocks, either one for all (`render-codeblock.html`) or for a given code language (e.g. `render-codeblock-go.html`).
We also used this new hook to add support for diagrams in Hugo:
* Goat (Go ASCII Tool) is built-in and enabled by default; just create a fenced code block with the language `goat` and start draw your Ascii diagrams.
* Another popular alternative for diagrams in Markdown, Mermaid (supported by GitHub), can also be implemented with a simple template. See the Hugo documentation for more information.
Updates #7765Closes#9538Fixes#9553Fixes#8520Fixes#6702Fixes#9558
This ommmit contains some security hardening measures for the Hugo build runtime.
There are some rarely used features in Hugo that would be good to have disabled by default. One example would be the "external helpers".
For `asciidoctor` and some others we use Go's `os/exec` package to start a new process.
These are a predefined set of binary names, all loaded from `PATH` and with a predefined set of arguments. Still, if you don't use `asciidoctor` in your project, you might as well have it turned off.
You can configure your own in the new `security` configuration section, but the defaults are configured to create a minimal amount of site breakage. And if that do happen, you will get clear instructions in the loa about what to do.
The default configuration is listed below. Note that almost all of these options are regular expression _whitelists_ (a string or a slice); the value `none` will block all.
```toml
[security]
enableInlineShortcodes = false
[security.exec]
allow = ['^dart-sass-embedded$', '^go$', '^npx$', '^postcss$']
osEnv = ['(?i)^(PATH|PATHEXT|APPDATA|TMP|TEMP|TERM)$']
[security.funcs]
getenv = ['^HUGO_']
[security.http]
methods = ['(?i)GET|POST']
urls = ['.*']
```
The main motivation behind this is simplicity and correctnes, but the new small config library is also faster:
```
BenchmarkDefaultConfigProvider/Viper-16 252418 4546 ns/op 2720 B/op 30 allocs/op
BenchmarkDefaultConfigProvider/Custom-16 450756 2651 ns/op 1008 B/op 6 allocs/op
```
Fixes#8633Fixes#8618Fixes#8630
Updates #8591Closes#6680Closes#5192
This commit implements Hugo Modules.
This is a broad subject, but some keywords include:
* A new `module` configuration section where you can import almost anything. You can configure both your own file mounts nd the file mounts of the modules you import. This is the new recommended way of configuring what you earlier put in `configDir`, `staticDir` etc. And it also allows you to mount folders in non-Hugo-projects, e.g. the `SCSS` folder in the Bootstrap GitHub project.
* A module consists of a set of mounts to the standard 7 component types in Hugo: `static`, `content`, `layouts`, `data`, `assets`, `i18n`, and `archetypes`. Yes, Theme Components can now include content, which should be very useful, especially in bigger multilingual projects.
* Modules not in your local file cache will be downloaded automatically and even "hot replaced" while the server is running.
* Hugo Modules supports and encourages semver versioned modules, and uses the minimal version selection algorithm to resolve versions.
* A new set of CLI commands are provided to manage all of this: `hugo mod init`, `hugo mod get`, `hugo mod graph`, `hugo mod tidy`, and `hugo mod vendor`.
All of the above is backed by Go Modules.
Fixes#5973Fixes#5996Fixes#6010Fixes#5911Fixes#5940Fixes#6074Fixes#6082Fixes#6092
Before this commit, you would have to use page bundles to do image processing etc. in Hugo.
This commit adds
* A new `/assets` top-level project or theme dir (configurable via `assetDir`)
* A new template func, `resources.Get` which can be used to "get a resource" that can be further processed.
This means that you can now do this in your templates (or shortcodes):
```bash
{{ $sunset := (resources.Get "images/sunset.jpg").Fill "300x200" }}
```
This also adds a new `extended` build tag that enables powerful SCSS/SASS support with source maps. To compile this from source, you will also need a C compiler installed:
```
HUGO_BUILD_TAGS=extended mage install
```
Note that you can use output of the SCSS processing later in a non-SCSSS-enabled Hugo.
The `SCSS` processor is a _Resource transformation step_ and it can be chained with the many others in a pipeline:
```bash
{{ $css := resources.Get "styles.scss" | resources.ToCSS | resources.PostCSS | resources.Minify | resources.Fingerprint }}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ $styles.RelPermalink }}" integrity="{{ $styles.Data.Digest }}" media="screen">
```
The transformation funcs above have aliases, so it can be shortened to:
```bash
{{ $css := resources.Get "styles.scss" | toCSS | postCSS | minify | fingerprint }}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ $styles.RelPermalink }}" integrity="{{ $styles.Data.Digest }}" media="screen">
```
A quick tip would be to avoid the fingerprinting part, and possibly also the not-superfast `postCSS` when you're doing development, as it allows Hugo to be smarter about the rebuilding.
Documentation will follow, but have a look at the demo repo in https://github.com/bep/hugo-sass-test
New functions to create `Resource` objects:
* `resources.Get` (see above)
* `resources.FromString`: Create a Resource from a string.
New `Resource` transformation funcs:
* `resources.ToCSS`: Compile `SCSS` or `SASS` into `CSS`.
* `resources.PostCSS`: Process your CSS with PostCSS. Config file support (project or theme or passed as an option).
* `resources.Minify`: Currently supports `css`, `js`, `json`, `html`, `svg`, `xml`.
* `resources.Fingerprint`: Creates a fingerprinted version of the given Resource with Subresource Integrity..
* `resources.Concat`: Concatenates a list of Resource objects. Think of this as a poor man's bundler.
* `resources.ExecuteAsTemplate`: Parses and executes the given Resource and data context (e.g. .Site) as a Go template.
Fixes#4381Fixes#4903Fixes#4858
A sample config:
```toml
defaultContentLanguage = "en"
defaultContentLanguageInSubdir = true
[Languages]
[Languages.en]
weight = 10
title = "In English"
languageName = "English"
contentDir = "content/english"
[Languages.nn]
weight = 20
title = "På Norsk"
languageName = "Norsk"
contentDir = "content/norwegian"
```
The value of `contentDir` can be any valid path, even absolute path references. The only restriction is that the content dirs cannot overlap.
The content files will be assigned a language by
1. The placement: `content/norwegian/post/my-post.md` will be read as Norwegian content.
2. The filename: `content/english/post/my-post.nn.md` will be read as Norwegian even if it lives in the English content folder.
The content directories will be merged into a big virtual filesystem with one simple rule: The most specific language file will win.
This means that if both `content/norwegian/post/my-post.md` and `content/english/post/my-post.nn.md` exists, they will be considered duplicates and the version inside `content/norwegian` will win.
Note that translations will be automatically assigned by Hugo by the content file's relative placement, so `content/norwegian/post/my-post.md` will be a translation of `content/english/post/my-post.md`.
If this does not work for you, you can connect the translations together by setting a `translationKey` in the content files' front matter.
Fixes#4523Fixes#4552Fixes#4553
As pointed out by the linter, some exported functions and types are
missing doc comments.
The linter warnings have been reduced from 194 to 116.
Not all missing comments have been added in this commit though.
This commit moves almost all of the template functions into separate
packages under tpl/ and adds a namespace framework. All changes should
be backward compatible for end users, as all existing function names in
the template funcMap are left intact.
Seq and DoArithmatic have been moved out of the helpers package and into
template namespaces.
Most of the tests involved have been refactored, and many new tests have
been written. There's still work to do, but this is a big improvement.
I got a little overzealous and added some new functions along the way:
- strings.Contains
- strings.ContainsAny
- strings.HasSuffix
- strings.TrimPrefix
- strings.TrimSuffix
Documentation is forthcoming.
Fixes#3042
