There are some breaking changes in this commit, see #11455.
Closes#11455Closes#11549
This fixes a set of bugs (see issue list) and it is also paying some technical debt accumulated over the years. We now build with Staticcheck enabled in the CI build.
The performance should be about the same as before for regular sized Hugo sites, but it should perform and scale much better to larger data sets, as objects that uses lots of memory (e.g. rendered Markdown, big JSON files read into maps with transform.Unmarshal etc.) will now get automatically garbage collected if needed. Performance on partial rebuilds when running the server in fast render mode should be the same, but the change detection should be much more accurate.
A list of the notable new features:
* A new dependency tracker that covers (almost) all of Hugo's API and is used to do fine grained partial rebuilds when running the server.
* A new and simpler tree document store which allows fast lookups and prefix-walking in all dimensions (e.g. language) concurrently.
* You can now configure an upper memory limit allowing for much larger data sets and/or running on lower specced PCs.
We have lifted the "no resources in sub folders" restriction for branch bundles (e.g. sections).
Memory Limit
* Hugos will, by default, set aside a quarter of the total system memory, but you can set this via the OS environment variable HUGO_MEMORYLIMIT (in gigabytes). This is backed by a partitioned LRU cache used throughout Hugo. A cache that gets dynamically resized in low memory situations, allowing Go's Garbage Collector to free the memory.
New Dependency Tracker: Hugo has had a rule based coarse grained approach to server rebuilds that has worked mostly pretty well, but there have been some surprises (e.g. stale content). This is now revamped with a new dependency tracker that can quickly calculate the delta given a changed resource (e.g. a content file, template, JS file etc.). This handles transitive relations, e.g. $page -> js.Build -> JS import, or $page1.Content -> render hook -> site.GetPage -> $page2.Title, or $page1.Content -> shortcode -> partial -> site.RegularPages -> $page2.Content -> shortcode ..., and should also handle changes to aggregated values (e.g. site.Lastmod) effectively.
This covers all of Hugo's API with 2 known exceptions (a list that may not be fully exhaustive):
Changes to files loaded with template func os.ReadFile may not be handled correctly. We recommend loading resources with resources.Get
Changes to Hugo objects (e.g. Page) passed in the template context to lang.Translate may not be detected correctly. We recommend having simple i18n templates without too much data context passed in other than simple types such as strings and numbers.
Note that the cachebuster configuration (when A changes then rebuild B) works well with the above, but we recommend that you revise that configuration, as it in most situations should not be needed. One example where it is still needed is with TailwindCSS and using changes to hugo_stats.json to trigger new CSS rebuilds.
Document Store: Previously, a little simplified, we split the document store (where we store pages and resources) in a tree per language. This worked pretty well, but the structure made some operations harder than they needed to be. We have now restructured it into one Radix tree for all languages. Internally the language is considered to be a dimension of that tree, and the tree can be viewed in all dimensions concurrently. This makes some operations re. language simpler (e.g. finding translations is just a slice range), but the idea is that it should also be relatively inexpensive to add more dimensions if needed (e.g. role).
Fixes#10169Fixes#10364Fixes#10482Fixes#10630Fixes#10656Fixes#10694Fixes#10918Fixes#11262Fixes#11439Fixes#11453Fixes#11457Fixes#11466Fixes#11540Fixes#11551Fixes#11556Fixes#11654Fixes#11661Fixes#11663Fixes#11664Fixes#11669Fixes#11671Fixes#11807Fixes#11808Fixes#11809Fixes#11815Fixes#11840Fixes#11853Fixes#11860Fixes#11883Fixes#11904Fixes#7388Fixes#7425Fixes#7436Fixes#7544Fixes#7882Fixes#7960Fixes#8255Fixes#8307Fixes#8863Fixes#8927Fixes#9192Fixes#9324
- Always include example for "with layout/type set"
- Use lowercase for "set to" examples (lookup is case sensitive)
- Consistent use of taxonomy and term
Fixesgohugoio/hugoDocs#1734
Primary motivation is documentation, but it will also hopefully simplify the code.
Also,
* Lower case the default output format names; this is in line with the custom ones (map keys) and how
it's treated all the places. This avoids doing `stringds.EqualFold` everywhere.
Closes#10896Closes#10620
The motivation behind this is not to make it easier to publish Markdown files, as that sounds unusual.
This is mainly meant for shortcodes that produces Markdown to be inlined.
You would do this by creating shortcodes with `*.md` suffix (e.g. `layouts/shortcodes/myshortcode.md`).
This output format is defined as plain text, and will use Go's much more lenient text template parser.
Updates #9821
* Add file context to minifier errors when publishing
* Misc fixes (see issues)
* Allow custom server error template in layouts/server/error.html
To get to this, this commit also cleans up and simplifies the code surrounding errors and files. This also removes the usage of `github.com/pkg/errors`, mostly because of https://github.com/pkg/errors/issues/223 -- but also because most of this is now built-in to Go.
Fixes#9852Fixes#9857Fixes#9863
You can now create custom hook templates for code blocks, either one for all (`render-codeblock.html`) or for a given code language (e.g. `render-codeblock-go.html`).
We also used this new hook to add support for diagrams in Hugo:
* Goat (Go ASCII Tool) is built-in and enabled by default; just create a fenced code block with the language `goat` and start draw your Ascii diagrams.
* Another popular alternative for diagrams in Markdown, Mermaid (supported by GitHub), can also be implemented with a simple template. See the Hugo documentation for more information.
Updates #7765Closes#9538Fixes#9553Fixes#8520Fixes#6702Fixes#9558
The main motivation behind this is simplicity and correctnes, but the new small config library is also faster:
```
BenchmarkDefaultConfigProvider/Viper-16 252418 4546 ns/op 2720 B/op 30 allocs/op
BenchmarkDefaultConfigProvider/Custom-16 450756 2651 ns/op 1008 B/op 6 allocs/op
```
Fixes#8633Fixes#8618Fixes#8630
Updates #8591Closes#6680Closes#5192
So we can use it and output.Format as map key etc.
This commit also fixes the media.Type implementation so it does not need to mutate itself to handle different suffixes for the same MIME type, e.g. jpg vs. jpeg.
This means that there are no Suffix or FullSuffix on media.Type anymore.
Fixes#8317Fixes#8324
And we have taken great measures to limit potential site breakage:
* For `disableKinds` and `outputs` we try to map from old to new values if possible, if not we print an ERROR that can be toggled off if not relevant.
* The layout lookup is mostly compatible with more options for the new `term` kind.
That leaves:
* Where queries in site.Pages using taxonomy/taxonomyTerm Kind values as filter.
* Other places where these kind value are used in the templates (classes etc.)
Fixes#6911Fixes#7395
This more or less completes the simplification of the template handling code in Hugo started in v0.62.
The main motivation was to fix a long lasting issue about a crash in HTML content files without front matter.
But this commit also comes with a big functional improvement.
As we now have moved the base template evaluation to the build stage we now use the same lookup rules for `baseof` as for `list` etc. type of templates.
This means that in this simple example you can have a `baseof` template for the `blog` section without having to duplicate the others:
```
layouts
├── _default
│ ├── baseof.html
│ ├── list.html
│ └── single.html
└── blog
└── baseof.html
```
Also, when simplifying code, you often get rid of some double work, as shown in the "site building" benchmarks below.
These benchmarks looks suspiciously good, but I have repeated the below with ca. the same result. Compared to master:
```
name old time/op new time/op delta
SiteNew/Bundle_with_image-16 13.1ms ± 1% 10.5ms ± 1% -19.34% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_JSON_file-16 13.0ms ± 0% 10.7ms ± 1% -18.05% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Tags_and_categories-16 46.4ms ± 2% 43.1ms ± 1% -7.15% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Canonify_URLs-16 52.2ms ± 2% 47.8ms ± 1% -8.30% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Deep_content_tree-16 77.9ms ± 1% 70.9ms ± 1% -9.01% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Many_HTML_templates-16 43.0ms ± 0% 37.2ms ± 1% -13.54% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Page_collections-16 58.2ms ± 1% 52.4ms ± 1% -9.95% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
SiteNew/Bundle_with_image-16 3.81MB ± 0% 2.22MB ± 0% -41.70% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_JSON_file-16 3.60MB ± 0% 2.01MB ± 0% -44.20% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Tags_and_categories-16 19.3MB ± 1% 14.1MB ± 0% -26.91% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Canonify_URLs-16 70.7MB ± 0% 69.0MB ± 0% -2.40% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Deep_content_tree-16 37.1MB ± 0% 31.2MB ± 0% -15.94% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Many_HTML_templates-16 17.6MB ± 0% 10.6MB ± 0% -39.92% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Page_collections-16 25.9MB ± 0% 21.2MB ± 0% -17.99% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
SiteNew/Bundle_with_image-16 52.3k ± 0% 26.1k ± 0% -50.18% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_JSON_file-16 52.3k ± 0% 26.1k ± 0% -50.16% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Tags_and_categories-16 336k ± 1% 269k ± 0% -19.90% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Canonify_URLs-16 422k ± 0% 395k ± 0% -6.43% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Deep_content_tree-16 401k ± 0% 313k ± 0% -21.79% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Many_HTML_templates-16 247k ± 0% 143k ± 0% -42.17% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Page_collections-16 282k ± 0% 207k ± 0% -26.55% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
```
Fixes#6716Fixes#6760Fixes#6768Fixes#6778
This commit also
* revises the change detection for templates used by content files in server mode.
* Adds a Page.RenderString method
Fixes#6545Fixes#4663Closes#6043
This commit implements Hugo Modules.
This is a broad subject, but some keywords include:
* A new `module` configuration section where you can import almost anything. You can configure both your own file mounts nd the file mounts of the modules you import. This is the new recommended way of configuring what you earlier put in `configDir`, `staticDir` etc. And it also allows you to mount folders in non-Hugo-projects, e.g. the `SCSS` folder in the Bootstrap GitHub project.
* A module consists of a set of mounts to the standard 7 component types in Hugo: `static`, `content`, `layouts`, `data`, `assets`, `i18n`, and `archetypes`. Yes, Theme Components can now include content, which should be very useful, especially in bigger multilingual projects.
* Modules not in your local file cache will be downloaded automatically and even "hot replaced" while the server is running.
* Hugo Modules supports and encourages semver versioned modules, and uses the minimal version selection algorithm to resolve versions.
* A new set of CLI commands are provided to manage all of this: `hugo mod init`, `hugo mod get`, `hugo mod graph`, `hugo mod tidy`, and `hugo mod vendor`.
All of the above is backed by Go Modules.
Fixes#5973Fixes#5996Fixes#6010Fixes#5911Fixes#5940Fixes#6074Fixes#6082Fixes#6092
In Hugo 0.55.0 we made AMP `permalinkable`. We also render the output formats in their natural sort order, meaning `AMP` will be rendered before `HTML`. References in the sitemap would then point to the AMP version, and this is normally not what you'd want.
This commit fixes that by making `HTML` by default sort before the others.
If this is not you want, you can set `weight` on the output format configuration.
Fixes#5910
The main motivation of this commit is to add a `page.Page` interface to replace the very file-oriented `hugolib.Page` struct.
This is all a preparation step for issue #5074, "pages from other data sources".
But this also fixes a set of annoying limitations, especially related to custom output formats, and shortcodes.
Most notable changes:
* The inner content of shortcodes using the `{{%` as the outer-most delimiter will now be sent to the content renderer, e.g. Blackfriday.
This means that any markdown will partake in the global ToC and footnote context etc.
* The Custom Output formats are now "fully virtualized". This removes many of the current limitations.
* The taxonomy list type now has a reference to the `Page` object.
This improves the taxonomy template `.Title` situation and make common template constructs much simpler.
See #5074Fixes#5763Fixes#5758Fixes#5090Fixes#5204Fixes#4695Fixes#5607Fixes#5707Fixes#5719Fixes#3113Fixes#5706Fixes#5767Fixes#5723Fixes#5769Fixes#5770Fixes#5771Fixes#5759Fixes#5776Fixes#5777Fixes#5778
This commit also removes the deprecated `Suffix` from MediaType. Now use `Suffixes` and put the MIME type suffix in the type, e.g. `application/svg+xml`.
Fixes#5093
Before this commit, `Suffix` on `MediaType` was used both to set a custom file suffix and as a way to augment the mediatype definition (what you see after the "+", e.g. "image/svg+xml").
This had its limitations. For one, it was only possible with one file extension per MIME type.
Now you can specify multiple file suffixes using "suffixes", but you need to specify the full MIME type
identifier:
[mediaTypes]
[mediaTypes."image/svg+xml"]
suffixes = ["svg", "abc ]
In most cases, it will be enough to just change:
[mediaTypes]
[mediaTypes."my/custom-mediatype"]
suffix = "txt"
To:
[mediaTypes]
[mediaTypes."my/custom-mediatype"]
suffixes = ["txt"]
Hugo will still respect values set in "suffix" if no value for "suffixes" is provided, but this will be removed in a future release.
Note that you can still get the Media Type's suffix from a template: {{ $mediaType.Suffix }}. But this will now map to the MIME type filename.
Fixes#4920
This should allow for less duplication of templates. Before this commit it was possible to override the content page of a given page/section, but only one page at a time.
Full "template sets" can now be inherited by setting `type: blog` etc. in the section content page's front matter, and that type will be considered when looking for layouts for all pages in that section.
For nested sections, it will use consider both `type` set in the current section first, then `type` set in the first section below home, e.g. `/docs`.
This commit also adds a new Page method: `FirstSection`. This navigates up to the first section below home (e.g. `/docs`). For the home page it will return itself.
Fixes#4891
This commit adds support for theme composition and inheritance in Hugo.
With this, it helps thinking about a theme as a set of ordered components:
```toml
theme = ["my-shortcodes", "base-theme", "hyde"]
```
The theme definition example above in `config.toml` creates a theme with the 3 components with presedence from left to right.
So, Hugo will, for any given file, data entry etc., look first in the project, and then in `my-shortcode`, `base-theme` and lastly `hyde`.
Hugo uses two different algorithms to merge the filesystems, depending on the file type:
* For `i18n` and `data` files, Hugo merges deeply using the translation id and data key inside the files.
* For `static`, `layouts` (templates) and `archetypes` files, these are merged on file level. So the left-most file will be chosen.
The name used in the `theme` definition above must match a folder in `/your-site/themes`, e.g. `/your-site/themes/my-shortcodes`. There are plans to improve on this and get a URL scheme so this can be resolved automatically.
Also note that a component that is part of a theme can have its own configuration file, e.g. `config.toml`. There are currently some restrictions to what a theme component can configure:
* `params` (global and per language)
* `menu` (global and per language)
* `outputformats` and `mediatypes`
The same rules apply here: The left-most param/menu etc. with the same ID will win. There are some hidden and experimental namespace support in the above, which we will work to improve in the future, but theme authors are encouraged to create their own namespaces to avoid naming conflicts.
A final note: Themes/components can also have a `theme` definition in their `config.toml` and similar, which is the "inheritance" part of this commit's title. This is currently not supported by the Hugo theme site. We will have to wait for some "auto dependency" feature to be implemented for that to happen, but this can be a powerful feature if you want to create your own theme-variant based on others.
Fixes#4460Fixes#4450
