hugo/content/en/templates/internal.md

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---
title: Internal Templates
linktitle: Internal Templates
description: Hugo ships with a group of boilerplate templates that cover the most common use cases for static websites.
date: 2017-03-06
publishdate: 2017-03-06
lastmod: 2017-03-06
categories: [templates]
keywords: [internal, analytics,]
menu:
docs:
parent: "templates"
weight: 168
weight: 168
sections_weight: 168
draft: false
aliases: []
toc: true
wip: true
---
<!-- reference: https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/lookup-order-for-partials/5705/6
code: https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/blob/e445c35d6a0c7f5fc2f90f31226cd1d46e048bbc/tpl/template_embedded.go#L147 -->
{{% warning %}}
While the following internal templates are called similar to partials, they do *not* observe the partial template lookup order.
{{% /warning %}}
## Google Analytics
Hugo ships with internal templates for Google Analytics tracking, including both synchronous and asynchronous tracking codes.
### Configure Google Analytics
Provide your tracking id in your configuration file:
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{{< code-toggle file="config" >}}
googleAnalytics = "UA-123-45"
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{{</ code-toggle >}}
### Use the Google Analytics Template
You can then include the Google Analytics internal template:
```
{{ template "_internal/google_analytics.html" . }}
```
```
{{ template "_internal/google_analytics_async.html" . }}
```
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A `.Site.GoogleAnalytics` variable is also exposed from the config.
## Disqus
Hugo also ships with an internal template for [Disqus comments][disqus], a popular commenting system for both static and dynamic websites. In order to effectively use Disqus, you will need to secure a Disqus "shortname" by [signing up for the free service][disqussignup].
### Configure Disqus
To use Hugo's Disqus template, you first need to set a single value in your site's `config.toml` or `config.yml`:
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{{< code-toggle file="config" >}}
disqusShortname = "yourdiscussshortname"
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{{</ code-toggle >}}
You also have the option to set the following in the front matter for a given piece of content:
* `disqus_identifier`
* `disqus_title`
* `disqus_url`
### Use the Disqus Template
To add Disqus, include the following line in templates where you want your comments to appear:
```
{{ template "_internal/disqus.html" . }}
```
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A `.Site.DisqusShortname` variable is also exposed from the config.
### Conditional Loading of Disqus Comments
Users have noticed that enabling Disqus comments when running the Hugo web server on `localhost` (i.e. via `hugo server`) causes the creation of unwanted discussions on the associated Disqus account.
You can create the following `layouts/partials/disqus.html`:
{{< code file="layouts/partials/disqus.html" download="disqus.html" >}}
<div id="disqus_thread"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function() {
// Don't ever inject Disqus on localhost--it creates unwanted
// discussions from 'localhost:1313' on your Disqus account...
if (window.location.hostname == "localhost")
return;
var dsq = document.createElement('script'); dsq.type = 'text/javascript'; dsq.async = true;
var disqus_shortname = '{{ .Site.DisqusShortname }}';
dsq.src = '//' + disqus_shortname + '.disqus.com/embed.js';
(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(dsq);
})();
</script>
<noscript>Please enable JavaScript to view the <a href="http://disqus.com/?ref_noscript">comments powered by Disqus.</a></noscript>
<a href="http://disqus.com/" class="dsq-brlink">comments powered by <span class="logo-disqus">Disqus</span></a>
{{< /code >}}
The `if` statement skips the initialization of the Disqus comment injection when you are running on `localhost`.
You can then render your custom Disqus partial template as follows:
```
{{ partial "disqus.html" . }}
```
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## Open Graph
An internal template for the [Open Graph protocol](http://ogp.me/), metadata that enables a page to become a rich object in a social graph.
This format is used for Facebook and some other sites.
### Configure Open Graph
Hugo's Open Graph template is configured using a mix of configuration variables and [front-matter](/content-management/front-matter/) on individual pages.
{{< code-toggle file="config" >}}
[params]
title = "My cool site"
images = ["site-feature-image.jpg"]
description = "Text about my cool site"
[taxonomies]
series = "series"
{{</ code-toggle >}}
{{< code-toggle file="content/blog/my-post" >}}
title = "Post title"
description = "Text about this post"
date = "2006-01-02"
images = ["post-cover.png"]
audio = []
video = []
series = []
tags = []
{{</ code-toggle >}}
Hugo uses the page title and description for the title and description metadata.
The first 6 URLs from the `images` array are used for image metadata.
Various optional metadata can also be set:
- Date, published date, and last modified data are used to set the published time metadata if specified.
- `audio` and `video` are URL arrays like `images` for the audio and video metadata tags, respectively.
- The first 6 `tags` on the page are used for the tags metadata.
- The `series` taxonomy is used to specify related "see also" pages by placing them in the same series.
### Use the Open Graph Template
To add Open Graph metadata, include the following line between the `<head>` tags in your templates:
```
{{ template "_internal/opengraph.html" . }}
```
## Twitter Cards
An internal template for [Twitter Cards](https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/tweets/optimize-with-cards/overview/abouts-cards),
metadata used to attach rich media to Tweets linking to your site.
### Configure Twitter Cards
Hugo's Twitter Card template is configured using a mix of configuration variables and [front-matter](/content-management/front-matter/) on individual pages.
{{< code-toggle file="config" >}}
[params]
images = ["site-feature-image.jpg"]
description = "Text about my cool site"
{{</ code-toggle >}}
{{< code-toggle file="content/blog/my-post" >}}
title = "Post title"
description = "Text about this post"
images = ["post-cover.png"]
{{</ code-toggle >}}
If `images` aren't specified in the page front-matter, then hugo searches for [image page resources](/content-management/image-processing/) with `feature`, `cover`, or `thumbnail` in their name.
If no image resources with those names are found, the images defined in the [site config](getting-started/configuration/) are used instead.
If no images are found at all, then an image-less Twitter `summary` card is used instead of `summary_large_image`.
Hugo uses the page title and description for the card's title and description fields. The page summary is used if no description is given.
### Use the Twitter Cards Template
To add Twitter card metadata, include the following line between the `<head>` tags in your templates:
```
{{ template "_internal/twitter_cards.html" . }}
```
Squashed 'docs/' changes from f887bd7b..1d052b16 1d052b16 Update hosting-on-netlify.md 28b96bec Remove double brackets in Netlify hosting tutorial 373ed38b Update deployment instructions from hugo > 0.20 on Netlify 1bbb41ca Generate static assets on deploy in Nanobox tutorial 816d207f Add missing backtick in templates/views.md bf88e772 Add nanobox as a deployment option 9c37b4cc Change config's syntax order matching description d3cb05a7 Fix wrongly named default value of publishDir 4be85c54 Add link to showcase a theme setup via config file 46837195 Init and update of submodules in .gitlab-ci.yml 9e7c2827 Add CSS lang argument to code block 85aad56e Abstract the type in the lookup order 4e1e43e9 Fix broken Pygments url 65b4e79b Correct GitLab project pipelines URL 94af72b5 Fix .Data.Terms usage in taxonomy template example eb371e52 functions: Fix lang.NumFmt docs a745cd6c Fix layouts' folder name in template primer e181e637 Correct typo on GitHub pages guide (#151) 28698500 Remove HTML special chars from Windows install example 96b1f5b5 Remove not needed escape slashes in urls.md 2e05043f Add upgrade instructions using homebrew 2a14624d Fix alias in countrunes.md 5e26bb97 Update docker image for build/publish 01424887 List the internal templates a3ef5be9 Remove string concatenation from add (math) sample 43d12b44 Fix typo 89bafa49 Change to Asciidoc URI 4e14071e Removes an extra bracket (>) in single-page-templates.md 0938e423 Fix typo in http2 server push blog fac55121 Fix typo in deployment with rsync tutorial git-subtree-dir: docs git-subtree-split: 1d052b16a1290ada12f1e28c7c0c373f86741071
2017-09-05 12:09:40 -04:00
## The Internal Templates
* `_internal/disqus.html`
* `_internal/google_news.html`
* `_internal/google_analytics.html`
* `_internal/google_analytics_async.html`
* `_internal/opengraph.html`
* `_internal/pagination.html`
* `_internal/schema.html`
* `_internal/twitter_cards.html`
[disqus]: https://disqus.com
[disqussignup]: https://disqus.com/profile/signup/