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Douglas Muth a50f336ec9 Added note about security
2018-05-12 14:19:37 -04:00

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<title>Diceware: Create Secure Passwords You Can Actually Remember!</title>
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<meta property="og:description" content="Diceware is a password generator which creates passwords based on dicerolls keyed to a set of words." />
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<body>
<div class="container">
<a id="github_ribbon" style="display: none; " href="https://github.com/dmuth/diceware"
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<div class="starter-template">
<h1>Diceware Password Generator</h1>
<p class="lead">
Generate high-entropy passwords the easy way!
</p>
<!-- This row is completely hidden, but is used to hold elements
that get cloned after a dice roll. -->
<div class="row source" style="display: none; ">
<div class="col-md-12" style="height: 0px; ">
<div class="die dice1 dice_element" style="float: left; ">
<div class="dot center"></div>
</div>
<div class="die dice2 dice_element" style="float: left; ">
<div class="dot dtop dleft"></div>
<div class="dot dbottom dright"></div>
</div>
<div class="die dice3 dice_element" style="float: left; ">
<div class="dot dtop dleft"></div>
<div class="dot center"></div>
<div class="dot dbottom dright"></div>
</div>
<div class="die dice4 dice_element" style="float: left; ">
<div class="dot dtop dleft"></div>
<div class="dot dtop dright"></div>
<div class="dot dbottom dleft"></div>
<div class="dot dbottom dright"></div>
</div>
<div class="die dice5 dice_element" style="float: left; ">
<div class="dot dtop dleft"></div>
<div class="dot dtop dright"></div>
<div class="dot center"></div>
<div class="dot dbottom dleft"></div>
<div class="dot dbottom dright"></div>
</div>
<div class="die dice6 dice_element" style="float: left; ">
<div class="dot dtop dleft"></div>
<div class="dot dtop dright"></div>
<div class="dot center dleft"></div>
<div class="dot center dright"></div>
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</div>
<div class="dice_word dice_element" style="float: left; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 25px; ">
</div>
<div class="results_words_key" >Your words are: </div>
<div class="results_words_value" ></div>
<div class="results_phrase_key" >Your passphrase is: </div>
<div class="results_phrase_value" ></div>
<div class="results_num_possible_key" ># of possible passwords: </div>
<div class="results_num_possible_value" ></div>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-danger bad_crypto" role="alert">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-exclamation-sign" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Error:</span>
Whoa there! Your browser doesn't have the getRandomValues() function.
This means that dice rolls you make <em>will not be cryptogrpahically secure!</em><br/>
Please try another browser. Otherwise, proceed at your own risk.
</div>
</div> <!--/ row -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="message" ></div>
<h2 class="dice_num">
Number of Dice Rolls:
</h2>
<div class="btn-group-lg" role="group" aria-label="...">
<button id="button-dice-2" type="button" class="btn btn-default dice_button">2</button>
<button id="button-dice-3" type="button" class="btn btn-default dice_button">3</button>
<button id="button-dice-4" type="button" class="btn btn-default dice_button">4</button>
<button id="button-dice-5" type="button" class="btn btn-default dice_button">5</button>
<button id="button-dice-6" type="button" class="btn btn-default dice_button active">6</button>
<button id="button-dice-7" type="button" class="btn btn-default dice_button">7</button>
<button id="button-dice-8" type="button" class="btn btn-default dice_button">8</button>
</div>
<br/>
<a name="roll_dice_button" ></a>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-lg btn-primary" id="roll_dice">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-play" aria-hidden="true" ></span> Roll Dice!
</button>
</div>
</div><!-- /row -->
<p/>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12" >
<div class="results">
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- /row -->
<div class="row" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="col-md-12">
<h3>About Diceware</h3>
Weak passwords are a big flaw in computer security due to a lack of "entropy"
or randomness. For example, how many times have you used the name of a pet or relative or street
in a password, or perhaps the number "1"? Not very random, is it? :-)
Worse still, if
passwords are reused between services, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/biggest-password-mistake-2014-8"
>that increases your security risk</a>. This is not theoretical, <a href="http://www.techspot.com/news/65255-hackers-access-github-accounts-reusing-passwords-previous-leaks.html"
>this has already happened.</a>
</p>
Fact is, humans are terrible at remembering random combiations of letters and
numbers, but we are great at remembering phrases of words. That's where Diceware comes in.
</p>
This Diceware web app is based on the proposal at <a href="http://world.std.com/~reinhold/diceware.html">http://world.std.com/~reinhold/diceware.html</a>
wherein virtual dice are roled 5 times, and the 5 digit number used against a lookup table of words.
4 dice rolls gives you 4 random words which are easy for a human being to remember, yet have
a high amount of entropy which makes them hard to crack.
</p>
For more information on Diceware:
<ul>
<li><a href="http://world.std.com/~reinhold/diceware.html">The Diceware Passphrase FAQ</a></li>
<li><a href="http://world.std.com/~reinhold/diceware.wordlist.asc">Original Diceware word list</a> (This implementation uses <a href="#wordlist">a different wordlist...</a>)</li>
<li><a href="http://world.std.com/~reinhold/diceware.txt">Diceware for Passphrase Generation and Other Cryptographic Applications</a></li>
</ul>
For more information on the entropy in passphrases, I'd like to refer you
<a href="https://xkcd.com/936/">to this XKCD comic</a>.</p>
Diceware is a trademark of Arnold Reinhold.
<h3>FAQ: Why not use LastPass or a similar product?</h3>
By all means, feel free to do so. LastPass is an excellent product and I highly recommend it.
That said, there's no reason that Diceware cannot be used concurrently with LastPass. Personally,
I like passwords that I can remember.
<h3>"I can't believe you're sending passwords over the Internet!"</h3>
<a href="dude-chill-just-chill.gif">Chill</a>. I'm not. Passwords are generated within your browser and do not leave it (unless you copy them out yourself).
<h3>FAQ: Are these dice rolls cryptographically secure?</h3>
Yes, insofar as we're using the
<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/RandomSource/getRandomValues">getRandomValues() function in Javascript</a>,
and you trust that your
browser and computer have not been compromised or otherwise tampered with. Keep in mind that a not-so-theoretical attack
would be for an attacker to compromise the random number generator on your computer so that
anything that is encrypted (or passkeys generated) would be suspectible to less intense cryptoanalysis.
<h3>FAQ: Is the source available?</h3>
Yep! You can grab a copy at <a href="https://github.com/dmuth/diceware">https://github.com/dmuth/diceware</a>
</p>
In fact, if you are nervous about generating a password on a website (even though the password is actually
generated by Javascript in your browser), I would encourage you to download the source and run it locally.
</p>
If you do want to run Diceware locally, just download the source and run a webserver in Python with
this command: <tt style="background-color: #dddddd; ">python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8000</tt>. You will then able to access DiceWare at
<a href="http://localhost:8000/">http://localhost:8000/</a>.
<a name="debug"></a>
<h3>FAQ: Is there a way to roll the dice automatically?</h3>
Yes, there is. Append "?debug=n" to the URL to automatically roll the dice N times.
<p/>
<p/>
Examples: <a href="?debug=4">Roll the Dice 4 times.</a>
<a href="?debug=5">Or 5 times.</a>
<a href="?debug=6">Or even 6 times!</a>
<p/>
<a name="wordlist"></a>
<h3>FAQ: Can you tell me more about the list of words?</h3>
For rolls of 5 dice, I am now using <a href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2016/07/new-wordlists-random-passphrases"
>the worldlist from the EFF</a>. Substantial enhancements have been made over the original list
designed to improve usability without compromising security.
</p>
</p>
I started off using <a href="http://world.std.com/~reinhold/diceware.wordlist.asc">the original wordlist</a>,
but it contained a lot of symbols, punctuation, numbers, and 2 and 3 letter words. I wanted to try a different
wordlist with longer words, no non-alphabetic characters, and words more commonly used. So then I tried
<a href="http://norvig.com/ngrams/">Peter Norvig's</a> list of <a href="http://norvig.com/ngrams/count_1w.txt"
>the 1/3rd million most frequently used words</a>. Peter Norvig's list is still in use for when 6 or 7 dice are rolled.
<h3>FAQ: How many dice are rolled per word?</h3>
The default is 5 dice, which allows for 7,776 different words per roll. While I have some debug hooks
in the code so that you can run Diceware with <a href="?dice=6">6 dice per word</a> and
<a href="?dice=7">7 dice per word</a> (for 46,655 and 279,935 possible words, respectively), the words
used become more obscure, which makes them more difficult to remember, so I'm not entirely sure that is a good thing.
But for now, the functionality is there, if there is a desire for it.
<h3>FAQ: Is Air-gapped Operation Supported?</h3>
It is now! The entire project can be downloaded and executed on a machine that is not connected to the Internet.
I was able to pull this off due in part to uploading the code to an AWS S3 Bucket and then making that
content available via <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront/">CloudFront</a>.
<h3>FAQ: How secure is the webserver this app is on?</h3>
I used to host this app on my personal webserver, but didn't like that doing so increased my webserver's
risk profile substantially. I've since moved the app into AWS--the HTML, Javascript, and CSS resides in an
S3 bucket, and the content is served up via <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront/">CloudFront</a> with
an SSL certificate provided by <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/certificate-manager/">AWS Certificate Manager</a> for free.
<h3>FAQ: Why did you change the wordlist?</h3>
</p>
I am always considering what words I use in the wordlist. I may opt to use shorter words in the future.
<h3>Who built this? / Contact</h3>
My name is <a href="http://www.dmuth.org/">Douglas Muth</a>, and I am a software engineer in Philadelphia, PA.
</p>
There are several ways to get in touch with me:
<ul>
<li>Email to doug.muth AT gmail DOT com or dmuth AT dmuth DOT org</li>
<li><a href="http://www.facebook.com/dmuth">Facebook</a> and <a href="http://twitter.com/dmuth">Twitter</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/in/dmuth">LinkedIn</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/dmuth/diceware/issues">Opening an Issue in GitHub</a>
</ul>
Feel free to reach out to me if you have any comments, suggestions, or bug reports.
</div>
</div>
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