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131 lines
4.9 KiB
HTML
131 lines
4.9 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<meta charset="utf-8" />
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<meta name="author" content="Brandon Rozek">
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Courses
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Lab Aide
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Presentations
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Research
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Transcript
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<main class="main-content">
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<article class="article">
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<h1>Lecture for February 20th</h1>
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<h2>Reading a File</h2>
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<p>You can get input from a file instead of from the terminal</p>
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<pre><code class="language-java">FileInputStream fileIn = new FileInputStream("myFile.txt");
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// Our familiar Scanner
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Scanner scnr = new Scanner(fileIn);
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// We can use our usual Scanner methods
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String line = scnr.nextLine();
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fileIn.close(); // Remember to close the file when you're finished with it!</code></pre>
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<h3>Reviewing Scanner Methods</h3>
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<p>To understand some of the Scanner methods we need to be aware of the "newline" character. This character is equivalent to the <code>Enter</code> button on the keyboard.</p>
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<p><code>scnr.nextLine()</code> This get's all the characters in the buffer up to the newline character.</p>
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<p><code>scnr.next()</code> Grabs the characters in the next "token". Tokens are usually separated by any whitespace type character (spaces, enters, tabs, etc.)</p>
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<h2>Writing to a File</h2>
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<p>Prints information to a file instead of to the screen</p>
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<pre><code class="language-java">FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("myOutfile.txt");
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PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(fileOut);
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out.println("Print this as the first line.");
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out.flush(); // Pushes the file changes to the file
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fileOut.close(); // If you forget this then it won't remember your changes</code></pre>
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<h2>Arrays</h2>
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<p>Arrays are containers of fixed size. It contains a fixed number of values of the <strong>same type</strong>. (Ex: 10 integers, 2 strings, 5 booleans)</p>
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<p>Declaration</p>
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<pre><code class="language-java">int[] array; // This declares an integer array</code></pre>
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<p>Initialization</p>
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<pre><code class="language-java">array = new int[7]; // This states that this array can hold up to 7 integers</code></pre>
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<p>Storing a value in an array</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Square bracket notation is used</li>
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</ul>
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<pre><code class="language-java">int[] array = new int[7];
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array[0] = 5; // Stores 5 into the first slot</code></pre>
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<p>Now let us attempt to retrieve the value</p>
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<pre><code class="language-java">int temp = array[0];
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System.out.println(temp); // Prints "5"</code></pre>
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<h3>Traversing an Array</h3>
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<p>Let's say we have the following array</p>
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<pre><code class="language-java">int[] numbers = {3, 5, 2, 7, 9};</code></pre>
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<p>Let's print out each of the values in the array</p>
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<pre><code class="language-java">for (int i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) {
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System.out.print("value in " + i " is " + numbers[i]);
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}</code></pre>
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<h3>Finding the maximum value in an Array</h3>
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<pre><code class="language-java">int highest = numbers[0];
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for (int i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) {
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if (numbers[i] > highest) {
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highest = numbers[x];
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}
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}</code></pre>
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</article>
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