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128 lines
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HTML
128 lines
4.5 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<h1>Lecture for March 13th</h1>
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<h2>Methods</h2>
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<p>Methods are small blocks of statements that make it easier to solve a problem. It usually focuses on solving a small part of the overall problem.</p>
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<p>Usually in methods you provide some sort of input and get some output out of it.</p>
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<h3>Advantages</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Code readability</li>
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<li>Modular program development (break up the problem in chunks)</li>
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<li>Incremental development</li>
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<li>No redundant code!</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Method definition</h3>
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<p>Consists of a method name, input and output and the block of statements.</p>
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<p>Usually this is succinctly written using JavaDocs which is what you see in the JavaAPI</p>
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<h3>Method Call</h3>
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<p>A method call is the execution of the method. The statements defined in the method is what will execute.</p>
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<h3>Method Stubs</h3>
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<p>Recall from method definition the parts of the method definition. Now look at the following method</p>
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<pre><code class="language-java">String[] split(String s)</code></pre>
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<p>The output here is <code>String[]</code></p>
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<p>The method name is <code>split</code></p>
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<p>The input is <code>String s</code></p>
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<h2>Modular Programming</h2>
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<p>Let us look at the following example:</p>
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<p>The program should have a list of grocery prices. It should be able to calculate the total cost of groceries. The store gives a student discount of 5%. The program should calculate this discount and update the total, it should calculate and add the 2.5% tax.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>First you should add it all up</li>
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<li>Then compute the discount</li>
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<li>Then add the tax</li>
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</ul>
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<h2>Parts of a method definition</h2>
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<pre><code class="language-java">public static int timesTwo(int num) {
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int two = num * 2;
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return two;
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}</code></pre>
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<p>It first starts off by declaring the visibility <code>public</code></p>
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<p>The return type if <code>int</code></p>
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<p>The method name is <code>timesTwo</code></p>
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<p>The input parameter is <code>int num</code></p>
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<p>Between the curly braces is the <em>body</em> of the method</p>
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<h2>Calling a Method</h2>
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<pre><code class="language-java">int a = 5;
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int b = 3;
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int ans = multiply(a, b)</code></pre>
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<p>The method call is <code>multiply(a, b)</code> and the result is stored in the variable <code>ans</code></p>
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