2020-01-15 23:07:02 -05:00
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2022-02-15 01:14:58 -05:00
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2020-01-15 23:07:02 -05:00
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< h1 > Lecture for January 30< / h1 >
< h2 > Random Number Generator< / h2 >
< p > One of the ways you can do a random number generator is through this method:< / p >
< p > Import a class called random < / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-java" > import java.util.Random;< / code > < / pre >
< p > Then you need to create a < code > Random< / code > object< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-java" > Random rand = new Random();< / code > < / pre >
< p > After this you can call the < code > nextInt()< / code > method to get a random number between 0 and $2^{32}$< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-java" > int randInt = rand.nextInt();< / code > < / pre >
< p > If you don't want a random number between 0 and $2^{32}$ but instead to another maximum value, then you can call the < code > nextInt< / code > method inserting the max integer as a parameter.< / p >
< p > Random Integer from 0-10 (not including 10)< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-java" > int randInt2 = rand.nextInt(10);< / code > < / pre >
< h2 > Output< / h2 >
< p > We have already encountered < code > System.out.println< / code > and < code > System.out.print< / code > but let us go over the differences again.< / p >
< p > < code > System.out.println()< / code > prints the contents inside the parenthesis and appends a newline character afterwards so that the next output is on a new line< / p >
< p > < code > System.out.print()< / code > prints the contents inside the parenthesis and does not output a newline character< / p >
< h3 > Formatting Output< / h3 >
< p > If you want more control on how your output is displayed, it is recommended that you use < code > System.out.printf< / code > to format your output< / p >
< p > First, you need to specify your type using the % instruction< / p >
< ul >
< li > d for integer< / li >
< li > f for decimal< / li >
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< p > Example:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-java" > int sum = 50;
System.out.printf("Total = %d", sum);< / code > < / pre >
< p > This outputs < / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-reS" > Total = 50< / code > < / pre >
< p > Notice here that there is no concatenation required like the previous two methods, instead you insert the variables as parameters< / p >
< p > Let us deconstruct the % instruction< / p >
< p > % < strong > < / strong > . < strong > < / strong > < / p >
< p > The first underline is the + - 0 space (sometimes we want to pad the money with zeros)< / p >
< p > The second underline is the width of the text< / p >
< p > The third underline is the number of decimal places< / p >
< p > The the final underline is the specifier < code > f< / code > for decimal and < code > d< / code > for integer< / p >
< p > < u > Example< / u > < / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-java" > double amount = 0.5;
System.out.printf("Total Due: %0.2f")< / code > < / pre >
< p > This outputs< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-reStructuredText" > Total Due: 0.50< / code > < / pre >
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