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---
id: 155
title: 'Animatable: Box Model'
date: 2015-09-14T12:07:52+00:00
author: Brandon Rozek
layout: post
guid: https://brandonrozek.com/?p=155
permalink: /2015/09/animatable-box-model/
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---
This post is part 2 of an animation series I am doing; you can read part 1 [here](https://brandonrozek.com/2015/05/animatable-border/). In this post, we’ll look at the different parts of the box model (margin, padding, height, and width) and see how they can be animated.
<!--more-->
The W3C has a great starting reference for the [CSS Box Model](http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/box.html). It can be wordy at times, but has everything you need to know. I had never heard of _margin collapsing_ until I read that. Luckily there is a great [post](https://css-tricks.com/what-you-should-know-about-collapsing-margins/) on CSS-Tricks written by Geoff Graham explaining what it is. To see it all in action, take a look at this Codepen [demo](http://codepen.io/brandonrozek/full/RWPYgV/){.broken_link}&#8211;  I reference this multiple times in this post. Now, on to the box model.
### Margin
* Accepts 1 to 4 numerical values (negative numbers are allowed)
* If you use 4 values, the first value is the top margin and the rest follow in a clockwise fashion
* Initial value: 0
Margins can be described as the space around an element. In the Codepen demo (#1), it shows 2 boxes. The first box has a margin-right that is increasing, making it seem as though it&#8217;s pushing the second box away.
<pre><code class="language-css">
@keyframes margin {
to { margin-right: 7rem; }
}
.margin {
display: inline-block;
height: 5rem;
width: 5rem;
background-color: lightblue;
vertical-align: top;
}
.margin:first-of-type {
margin-right: 0;
animation: margin 4s ease 0s infinite;
}
</code></pre>
### Padding
* Accepts 1 to 4 non-negative values
* If you use 4 values, the first value is the top margin and the rest follow in a clockwise fashion
* Initial value: 0
Padding is the space between the content and the border of an element. In the demo (#2),  it shows a box in which its padding is increasing.
<pre><code class="language-css">
@keyframes padding {
to { padding: 2rem; }
}
.padding {
display: inline-block;
padding: 0;
background-color: lightgreen;
animation: padding 2.5s ease 0s infinite;
}
</code></pre>
### Height
* Accepts a non-negative number, this number is overridden however by (min/max)-height
* Initial value: auto
&#8220;Height&#8221; is the height of an element without its <span><span> padding, border, or margin. In the demo (#3) you can see the boxes&#8217; height shrink, and each box begins it&#8217;s animation at a different time. </span></span>
<pre><code class="language-css">
@keyframes height {
to { height: .01rem; }
}
.height {
display: inline-block;
height: 4rem;
width: 3rem;
background-color: violet;
animation: height 1.25s ease 0s infinite;
vertical-align: top;
}
.height:nth-of-type(n) {
animation: height 1.25s ease .2s infinite alternate;
}
.height:nth-of-type(2n) {
animation: height 1.25s ease .4s infinite alternate;
}
.height:nth-of-type(3n) {
animation: height 1.25s ease .6s infinite alternate;
}
</code></pre>
### Width
* Accepts a non-negative number, this number is overridden however by (min/max)-width
* Initial value: auto
&#8220;Width&#8221; is the width of an element without its <span><span> padding, border, or margin. In the demo (#4), it is similar to #3, however, it&#8217;s the width being affected as opposed to the height. </span></span>
<pre><code class="language-css">
@keyframes width {
to { width: .01rem; }
}
.width {
margin-bottom: .2rem;
height: 3rem;
width: 6.5rem;
background-color: bisque;
}
.width:nth-of-type(n) {
animation: width 1.25s ease .2s infinite alternate;
}
.width:nth-of-type(2n) {
animation: width 1.25s ease .4s infinite alternate;
}
.width:nth-of-type(3n) {
animation: width 1.25s ease .6s infinite alternate;
}
</code></pre>
### Conclusion
And so with this we can add another collection of animations to our toolbelt! If you&#8217;re wondering why I left border out of this box-model post, it&#8217;s because I have already written a post dedicated to just the [border animation](https://brandonrozek.com/2015/05/animatable-border/). Here are some of the resources I looked at for this post. Hopefully I&#8217;ll come back with another animatable post soon! <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin> <https://docs.webplatform.org/wiki/css/properties/margin>{.broken_link} <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding> <https://docs.webplatform.org/wiki/css/properties/padding>{.broken_link} <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/height> <https://docs.webplatform.org/wiki/css/properties/height>{.broken_link} <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/width> <https://docs.webplatform.org/wiki/css/properties/width>{.broken_link}
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