[release] merge previous version into master to avoid the increased version number

.version

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+2.0

README.md

@@ -1 +1,349 @@
-# bash-fun
+# Introduction
+
+[Introduction to fun.sh library](http://ssledz.github.io/presentations/bash-fun.html#/)
+
+# Quick start
+
+```bash
+#!/bin/bash
+. <(test -e fun.sh || curl -Ls https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ssledz/bash-fun/master/src/fun.sh > fun.sh; cat fun.sh)
+
+seq 1 4 | sum
+```
+
+# Functions overview
+|||||||
+|------|------|------|------|------|------|
+|**plus**|**append**|**buff**|**curry**|**div**|**drop**|
+|**factorial**|**filter**|**foldl**|**foldr**|**head**|**join**|
+|**lambda**|**last**|**list**|**map**|**mod**|**mul**|
+|**prepend**|**product**|**ret**|**revers_str**|**revers**|**scanl**|
+|**splitc**|**strip**|**sub**|**sum**|**tail**|**take**|
+|**catch**|**try**|**tupl**|**tupr**|**tup**|**tupx**|
+|**unlist**|**zip**|**λ**|**with_trampoline**|**res**|**call**|
+
+## *list/unlist*
+
+```bash
+$ list 1 2 3
+1
+2
+3
+
+$ list 1 2 3 4 5 | unlist
+1 2 3 4 5
+```
+
+## *take/drop/tail/head/last*
+
+```bash
+$ list 1 2 3 4 | drop 2
+3
+4
+
+$ list 1 2 3 4 5 | head
+1
+
+$ list 1 2 3 4 | tail
+2
+3
+4
+
+$ list 1 2 3 4 5 | last
+5
+
+$ list 1 2 3 4 5 | take 2
+1
+2
+```
+
+## *join*
+
+```bash
+$ list 1 2 3 4 5 | join ,
+1,2,3,4,5
+
+$ list 1 2 3 4 5 | join , [ ]
+[1,2,3,4,5]
+```
+
+## *map*
+
+```bash
+$ seq 1 5 | map λ a . 'echo $((a + 5))'
+6
+7
+8
+9
+10
+
+$ list a b s d e | map λ a . 'echo $a$(echo $a | tr a-z A-Z)'
+aA
+bB
+sS
+dD
+eE
+```
+
+## *flat map*
+
+```bash
+$ seq 2 3 | map λ a . 'seq 1 $a' | join , [ ]
+[1,2,1,2,3]
+
+$ list a b c | map λ a . 'echo $a; echo $a | tr a-z A-z' | join , [ ]
+[a,A,b,B,c,C]
+```
+
+## *filter*
+
+```bash
+$ seq 1 10 | filter λ a . '[[ $(mod $a 2) -eq 0 ]] && ret true || ret false'
+2
+4
+6
+8
+10
+```
+
+## *foldl/foldr*
+
+```bash
+$ list a b c d | foldl λ acc el . 'echo -n $acc-$el'
+a-b-c-d
+
+$ list '' a b c d | foldr λ acc el .\
+    'if [[ ! -z $acc ]]; then echo -n $acc-$el; else echo -n $el; fi'
+d-c-b-a
+```
+
+```bash
+$ seq 1 4 | foldl λ acc el . 'echo $(($acc + $el))'
+10
+```
+
+```bash
+$ seq 1 4 | foldl λ acc el . 'echo $(mul $(($acc + 1)) $el)'
+64 # 1 + (1 + 1) * 2 + (4 + 1) * 3 + (15 + 1) * 4 = 64
+
+$ seq 1 4 | foldr λ acc el . 'echo $(mul $(($acc + 1)) $el)'
+56 # 1 + (1 + 1) * 4 + (8 + 1) * 3 + (27 + 1) * 2 = 56
+```
+
+## *tup/tupx/tupl/tupr*
+
+```bash
+$ tup a 1
+(a,1)
+
+$ tup 'foo bar' 1 'one' 2
+(foo bar,1,one,2)
+
+$ tup , 1 3
+(u002c,1,3)
+```
+
+```bash
+$ tupl $(tup a 1)
+a
+
+$ tupr $(tup a 1)
+1
+
+$ tup , 1 3 | tupl
+,
+
+$ tup 'foo bar' 1 'one' 2 | tupl
+foo bar
+
+$ tup 'foo bar' 1 'one' 2 | tupr
+2
+```
+
+```bash
+$ tup 'foo bar' 1 'one' 2 | tupx 2
+1
+
+$ tup 'foo bar' 1 'one' 2 | tupx 1,3
+foo bar
+one
+
+$ tup 'foo bar' 1 'one' 2 | tupx 2-4
+1
+one
+2
+```
+
+## *buff*
+
+```bash
+$ seq 1 10 | buff λ a b . 'echo $(($a + $b))'
+3
+7
+11
+15
+19
+
+$ seq 1 10 | buff λ a b c d e . 'echo $(($a + $b + $c + $d + $e))'
+15
+40
+```
+
+## *zip*
+
+```bash
+$ list a b c d e f | zip $(seq 1 10)
+(a,1)
+(b,2)
+(c,3)
+(d,4)
+(e,5)
+(f,6)
+```
+
+```bash
+$ list a b c d e f | zip $(seq 1 10) | last | tupr
+6
+```
+
+## *curry*
+
+```bash
+add2() {
+    echo $(($1 + $2))
+}
+```
+
+```bash
+$ curry inc add2 1
+```
+
+```bash
+$ inc 2
+3
+
+$ seq 1 3 | map λ a . 'inc $a'
+2
+3
+4
+```
+
+## *try/catch*
+
+```bash
+$ echo 'expr 2 / 0' | try λ _ . 'echo 0'
+0
+
+$ echo 'expr 2 / 0' | try λ status . 'echo $status'
+2
+
+$ echo 'expr 2 / 2' | try λ _ . 'echo 0'
+1
+```
+
+```bash
+try λ  _ . 'echo some errors during pull; exit 1' < <(echo git pull)
+```
+
+```bash
+$ echo 'expr 2 / 0' \
+    | LANG=en catch λ cmd status val . 'echo cmd=$cmd,status=$status,val=$val'
+cmd=expr 2 / 0,status=2,val=(expr:,division,by,zero)
+```
+
+```bash
+$ echo 'expr 2 / 2' | catch λ _ _ val . 'tupl $val'
+1
+```
+
+## *scanl*
+
+```bash
+$ seq 1 5 | scanl lambda acc el . 'echo $(($acc + $el))'
+1
+3
+6
+10
+15
+```
+
+```bash
+$ seq 1 5 | scanl lambda a b . 'echo $(($a + $b))' | last
+15
+```
+
+## *with_trampoline/res/call*
+
+```bash
+factorial() {
+    fact_iter() {
+        local product=$1
+        local counter=$2
+        local max_count=$3
+        if [[ $counter -gt $max_count ]]; then
+            res $product
+        else
+            call fact_iter $(echo $counter\*$product | bc) $(($counter + 1)) $max_count
+        fi
+    }
+
+    with_trampoline fact_iter 1 1 $1
+}
+```
+
+```bash
+$ time factorial 30 | fold -w 70
+265252859812191058636308480000000
+
+real    0m1.854s
+user    0m0.072s
+sys     0m0.368s
+```
+
+```bash
+time factorial 60 | fold -w 70
+8320987112741390144276341183223364380754172606361245952449277696409600
+000000000000
+
+real    0m3.635s
+user    0m0.148s
+sys     0m0.692s
+```
+
+```bash
+$ time factorial 90 | fold -w 70
+1485715964481761497309522733620825737885569961284688766942216863704985
+393094065876545992131370884059645617234469978112000000000000000000000
+
+real    0m4.371s
+user    0m0.108s
+sys     0m0.436s
+```
+
+# Examples
+
+```bash
+processNames() {
+
+  uppercase() {
+     local str=$1
+     echo $(tr 'a-z' 'A-Z' <<< ${str:0:1})${str:1}
+  }
+
+  list $@ \
+    | filter λ name . '[[ ${#name} -gt 1 ]] && ret true || ret false' \
+    | map λ name . 'uppercase $name' \
+    | foldl λ acc el . 'echo $acc,$el'
+
+}
+
+processNames adam monika s slawek d daniel Bartek j k
+```
+
+```bash
+Adam,Monika,Slawek,Daniel,Bartek
+```
+
+
+# Resources
+* [Inspiration](https://quasimal.com/posts/2012-05-21-funsh.html)

examples/example.sh

@@ -58,3 +58,102 @@ add3 9
 
 list a b c d | foldl lambda acc el . 'echo -n $acc-$el'
 list '' a b c d | foldr lambda acc el . 'if [[ ! -z $acc ]]; then echo -n $acc-$el; else echo -n $el; fi'
+
+seq 1 4 | foldl lambda acc el . 'echo $(($acc + $el))'
+
+#1 - 2 - 3 - 4
+seq 1 4 | foldl lambda acc el . 'echo $(($acc - $el))'
+#1 - 4 - 3 - 2
+seq 1 4 | foldr lambda acc el . 'echo $(($acc - $el))'
+
+#1 + (1 + 1) * 2 + (4 + 1) * 3 + (15 + 1) * 4 = 64
+
+seq 1 4 | foldl lambda acc el . 'echo $(mul $(($acc + 1)) $el)'
+
+#1 + (1 + 1) * 4 + (8 + 1) * 3 + (27 + 1) * 2 = 56
+seq 1 4 | foldr lambda acc el . 'echo $(mul $(($acc + 1)) $el)'
+
+tup a 1
+tupl $(tup a 1)
+tupr $(tup a 1)
+tup a 1 | tupl
+tup a 1 | tupr
+
+seq 1 10 | buff lambda a b . 'echo $(($a + $b))'
+echo 'XX'
+seq 1 10 | buff lambda a b c d e . 'echo $(($a + $b + $c + $d + $e))'
+
+list a b c d e f | zip $(seq 1 10)
+
+echo
+list a b c d e f | zip $(seq 1 10) | last | tupr
+
+arg='[key1=value1,key2=value2,key3=value3]'
+get() {
+  local pidx=$1
+  local idx=$2
+  local arg=$3
+  echo $arg | tr -d '[]' | cut -d',' -f$idx | cut -d'=' -f$pidx
+}
+
+curry get_key get 1
+curry get_value get 2
+
+get_key 1 $arg
+get_value 1 $arg
+
+seq 1 3 | map lambda a . 'tup $(get_key $a $arg) $(get_value $a $arg)'
+
+echo 'ls /home' | try λ cmd status ret . 'echo $cmd [$status]; echo $ret'
+echo '/home' | try λ cmd status ret . 'echo $cmd [$status]; echo $ret'
+
+seq 1 5 | scanl lambda a b . 'echo $(($a + $b))'
+seq 1 5 | scanl lambda a b . 'echo $(($a + $b))' | last
+
+seq 2 3 | map lambda a . 'seq 1 $a' | join , [ ]
+list a b c | map lambda a . 'echo $a; echo $a | tr a-z A-z' | join , [ ]
+
+echo 0 | cat - <(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ssledz/bash-fun/v1.1.1/src/fun.sh) | \
+    map lambda a . 'list $a' | foldl lambda acc el . 'echo $(($acc + 1))'
+
+echo 0 | cat - <(curl -s curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ssledz/bash-fun/v1.1.1/src/fun.sh) \
+            | foldl lambda acc el . 'echo $(($acc + 1))'
+
+
+factorial() {
+    fact_iter() {
+        local product=$1
+        local counter=$2
+        local max_count=$3
+        if [[ $counter -gt $max_count ]]; then
+            echo $product
+        else
+            fact_iter $(echo $counter\*$product | bc) $(($counter + 1)) $max_count
+        fi
+    }
+
+    fact_iter 1 1 $1
+}
+
+factorial_trampoline() {
+    fact_iter() {
+        local product=$1
+        local counter=$2
+        local max_count=$3
+        if [[ $counter -gt $max_count ]]; then
+            res $product
+        else
+            call fact_iter $(echo $counter\*$product | bc) $(($counter + 1)) $max_count
+        fi
+    }
+
+    with_trampoline fact_iter 1 1 $1
+}
+
+echo Factorial test
+
+time factorial 30
+time factorial_trampoline 30
+
+time factorial 60
+time factorial_trampoline 60

release.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+version=$(cat .version)
+
+release_version=${version%%-SNAPSHOT}
+new_version=$(echo $release_version+0.1 | bc)
+
+[[ $? -ne 0 ]] && echo 'Error exiting.' && exit 1
+
+snapshot_version=${new_version}-SNAPSHOT
+
+cat <<EOF
+
+    current version     : $version
+    release version     : $release_version
+    new snapshot version: $snapshot_version
+
+EOF
+
+git fetch
+
+echo start the release by creating a new release branch
+
+git checkout -b release/$release_version origin/develop
+echo $release_version > ./.version
+git add ./.version
+git commit -m "[release] prepare release v$release_version"
+git tag v$release_version
+echo $snapshot_version > ./.version
+git add ./.version
+git commit -m "[release] prepare for next development iteration"
+
+echo merge the version back into develop
+git checkout develop
+git merge --no-ff -m "[release] merge release/$release_version into develop" release/$release_version
+
+git checkout master
+echo merge the version back into master but use the tagged version instead of the release/$releaseVersion HEAD
+git merge --no-ff -m "[release] merge previous version into master to avoid the increased version number" release/$release_version~1
+
+echo get back on the develop branch
+git checkout develop
+echo finally push everything
+git push origin develop master
+git push --tags
+echo removing the release branch
+git branch -D release/$release_version

src/fun.sh

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ mul() {
   ( set -f; echo $(($1 * $2)) )
 }
 
-add() {
+plus() {
   echo $(($1 + $2))
 }
 
@@ -167,16 +167,22 @@ revers_str() {
   cat - | splitc | revers | join
 }
 
-try() {
+catch() {
   local f="$@"
   local cmd=$(cat -)
-  ret="$(2>&1 $cmd)"
+  local val=$(2>&1 eval "$cmd"; echo $?)
-  local status=$?
+  local cnt=$(list $val | wc -l)
-  list "$cmd" $status $(list $ret | join \#) | $f
+  local status=$(list $val | last)
+  $f < <(list "$cmd" $status $(list $val | take $((cnt - 1)) | unlist | tup))
+}
+
+try() {
+  local f="$@"
+  catch lambda cmd status val . '[[ $status -eq 0 ]] && tupx 1- $val | unlist || { '"$f"' < <(list $status); }'
 }
 
 ret() {
-  echo $1
+  echo $@
 }
 
 filter() {
@@ -187,16 +193,26 @@ filter() {
   done
 }
 
+stripl() {
+  local arg=$1
+  cat - | map lambda l . 'ret ${l##'$arg'}'
+}
+
+stripr() {
+  local arg=$1
+  cat - | map lambda l . 'ret ${l%%'$arg'}'
+}
+
 strip() {
   local arg=$1
-  cat - | map lambda l . 'ret ${l##'$arg'}' | map lambda l . 'ret ${l%%'$arg'}'
+  cat - | stripl "$arg" | stripr "$arg"
 }
 
 buff() {
   local cnt=-1
   for x in $@; do
     [[ $x = '.' ]] && break
-    cnt=$(add $cnt 1)
+    cnt=$(plus $cnt 1)
   done
   local args=''
   local i=$cnt
@@ -209,7 +225,13 @@ buff() {
 }
 
 tup() {
-  list "$@" | join , '(' ')'
+  if [[ $# -eq 0 ]]; then
+    local arg
+    read arg
+    tup $arg
+  else
+    list "$@" | map lambda x . 'echo ${x/,/u002c}' | join , '(' ')'
+  fi
 }
 
 tupx() {
@@ -220,7 +242,7 @@ tupx() {
   else
     local n=$1
     shift
-    list "$@" | strip '\(' | strip '\)' | unlist | cut -d',' -f${n}
+    echo "$@" | stripl '(' | stripr ')' | cut -d',' -f${n} | tr ',' '\n' | map lambda x . 'echo ${x/u002c/,}'
   fi
 }
 
@@ -229,7 +251,7 @@ tupl() {
 }
 
 tupr() {
-  tupx 2 "$@"
+  tupx 1- "$@" | last
 }
 
 zip() {
@@ -241,7 +263,7 @@ zip() {
   done
 }
 
-function curry() {
+curry() {
   exportfun=$1; shift
   fun=$1; shift
   params=$*
@@ -252,3 +274,25 @@ function curry() {
   eval $cmd
 }
 
+with_trampoline() {
+  local f=$1; shift
+  local args=$@
+  while [[ $f != 'None' ]]; do
+    ret=$($f $args)
+#    echo $ret
+    f=$(tupl $ret)
+    args=$(echo $ret | tupx 2- | tr ',' ' ')
+  done
+  echo $args
+}
+
+res() {
+    local value=$1
+    tup "None" $value
+}
+
+call() {
+    local f=$1; shift
+    local args=$@
+    tup $f $args
+}

test/append_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testAppendToEmptyList() {
+  assertEquals 4 "$(list | append 4)"
+}
+
+testAppendToOneElementList() {
+  assertEquals "1 4" "$(list 1 | append 4 | unlist)"
+}
+
+testAppendToList() {
+  assertEquals "1 2 3 4 5 4" "$(list 1 2 3 4 5 | append 4 | unlist)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/catch_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testCatchIfSuccess() {
+  assertEquals 1 "$(echo 'expr 2 / 2' | catch lambda cmd status val . '[[ $status -eq 0 ]] && tupl $val || echo 0')"
+}
+
+testCatchIfError() {
+  assertEquals 0 $(echo 'expr 2 / 0' | catch lambda cmd status val . '[[ $status -eq 0 ]] && tupl $val || echo 0')
+  assertEquals 'cmd=expr 2 / 0,status=2,val=(expr:,division,by,zero)' "$(echo 'expr 2 / 0' | echo 'expr 2 / 0' | LANG=en catch lambda cmd status val . 'echo cmd=$cmd,status=$status,val=$val')"
+}
+
+testCatchEdgeCases() {
+  assertEquals 1 "$(echo 'expr 2 / 2' | catch lambda _ _ val . 'tupl $val')"
+  assertEquals 'expr 2 / 2' "$(echo 'expr 2 / 2' | catch lambda cmd . 'ret $cmd')"
+  assertEquals 'expr 2 / 2,0' "$(echo 'expr 2 / 2' | catch lambda cmd status . 'ret $cmd,$status')"
+  assertEquals 'expr 2 / 0,2' "$(echo 'expr 2 / 0' | catch lambda cmd status . 'ret $cmd,$status')"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/drop_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testDrop9From10() {
+  assertEquals 10 $(list {1..10} | drop 9)
+}
+
+testDrop8From10() {
+  assertEquals "9 10" "$(list {1..10} | drop 8 | unlist)"
+}
+
+testDropAll() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list {1..10} | drop 10)"
+}
+
+testDropMoreThanAvailable() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list {1..10} | drop 15)"
+}
+
+testDropZero() {
+  assertEquals "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" "$(list {1..10} | drop 0 | unlist)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/head_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testHeadFromList() {
+  assertEquals 1 $(list {1..10} | head)
+  assertEquals 5 $(list 5 6 7 | head)
+}
+
+testHeadFromOneElementList() {
+  assertEquals 1 $(list 1 | head)
+}
+
+testHeadFromEmptyList() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list | head)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/lambda_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testLambdaNoArguments_ifNoInput() {
+    assertEquals 'Hi there' "$(echo | lambda . 'echo Hi there')"
+}
+
+testLambdaNoArguments_ifSomeInputArguments() {
+    assertEquals 'Hi there' "$(echo 'xx\nyy\nzz' | lambda . 'echo Hi there')"
+}
+
+testLambdaOneArgument() {
+  identity() {
+    lambda x . '$x'
+  }
+  assertEquals "hi there !" "$(identity <<< 'echo hi there !')"
+  assertEquals 3 $(lambda x . 'echo $(($x + 1))' <<< '2')
+  assertEquals "hi there !" "$(λ x . 'echo $x' <<< 'hi there !')"
+}
+
+testLambdaSymbolTwoArguments() {
+    assertEquals 3 $(echo -e '1\n2' | lambda x y . 'echo $(($x + $y))')
+    assertEquals 5 $(echo -e '7\n2' | λ x y . 'echo $(($x - $y))')
+}
+
+testLambdaSymbolManyArguments() {
+    assertEquals 5 $(echo -e '1\n2\n3\n4\n5' | lambda a b c d e . 'echo $(($a + $b + $c + $d - $e))')
+}
+
+testLambdaSymbolManyArguments_ifInsufficientNumberOfArgumentsInLambda() {
+    assertEquals 6 $(echo -e '1\n2\n3\n4\n5' | lambda a b c . 'echo $(($a + $b + $c))')
+}
+
+testLambdaSymbolManyArguments_ifInsufficientNumberOfInputArguments() {
+    echo -e '1\n2' | lambda a b c d e . 'echo $(($a + $b + $c + $d + $e))' 2> /dev/null \
+        && fail "There should be syntax error"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/last_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testLastFromList() {
+  assertEquals 10 $(list {1..10} | last)
+  assertEquals 7 $(list 5 6 7 | last)
+}
+
+testLastFromOneElementList() {
+  assertEquals 1 $(list 1 | last)
+}
+
+testLastFromEmptyList() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list | last)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/lib/shlib

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# vim:et:ft=sh:sts=2:sw=2
+#
+# Copyright 2008 Kate Ward. All Rights Reserved.
+# Released under the LGPL (GNU Lesser General Public License).
+#
+# Author: kate.ward@forestent.com (Kate Ward)
+#
+# Library of shell functions.
+
+# Convert a relative path into it's absolute equivalent.
+#
+# This function will automatically prepend the current working directory if the
+# path is not already absolute. It then removes all parent references (../) to
+# reconstruct the proper absolute path.
+#
+# Args:
+#   shlib_path_: string: relative path
+# Outputs:
+#   string: absolute path
+shlib_relToAbsPath()
+{
+  shlib_path_=$1
+
+  # prepend current directory to relative paths
+  echo "${shlib_path_}" |grep '^/' >/dev/null 2>&1 \
+      || shlib_path_="${PWD}/${shlib_path_}"
+
+  # clean up the path. if all seds supported true regular expressions, then
+  # this is what it would be:
+  shlib_old_=${shlib_path_}
+  while true; do
+    shlib_new_=`echo "${shlib_old_}" |sed 's/[^/]*\/\.\.\/*//;s/\/\.\//\//'`
+    [ "${shlib_old_}" = "${shlib_new_}" ] && break
+    shlib_old_=${shlib_new_}
+  done
+  echo "${shlib_new_}"
+
+  unset shlib_path_ shlib_old_ shlib_new_
+}

test/lib/versions

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+#! /bin/sh
+# vim:et:ft=sh:sts=2:sw=2
+#
+# Versions determines the versions of all installed shells.
+#
+# Copyright 2008-2017 Kate Ward. All Rights Reserved.
+# Released under the Apache 2.0 License.
+#
+# Author: kate.ward@forestent.com (Kate Ward)
+# https://github.com/kward/shlib
+#
+# This library provides reusable functions that determine actual names and
+# versions of installed shells and the OS. The library can also be run as a
+# script if set executable.
+#
+# Disable checks that aren't fully portable (POSIX != portable).
+# shellcheck disable=SC2006
+
+ARGV0=`basename "$0"`
+LSB_RELEASE='/etc/lsb-release'
+VERSIONS_SHELLS="ash /bin/bash /bin/dash /bin/ksh /bin/pdksh /bin/sh /bin/zsh"
+
+true; TRUE=$?
+false; FALSE=$?
+ERROR=2
+
+UNAME_R=`uname -r`
+UNAME_S=`uname -s`
+
+__versions_haveStrings=${ERROR}
+
+versions_osName() {
+  os_name_='unrecognized'
+  os_system_=${UNAME_S}
+  os_release_=${UNAME_R}
+  case ${os_system_} in
+    CYGWIN_NT-*) os_name_='Cygwin' ;;
+    Darwin)
+      os_name_=`/usr/bin/sw_vers -productName`
+      os_version_=`versions_osVersion`
+      case ${os_version_} in
+        10.4|10.4.[0-9]*) os_name_='Mac OS X Tiger' ;;
+        10.5|10.5.[0-9]*) os_name_='Mac OS X Leopard' ;;
+        10.6|10.6.[0-9]*) os_name_='Mac OS X Snow Leopard' ;;
+        10.7|10.7.[0-9]*) os_name_='Mac OS X Lion' ;;
+        10.8|10.8.[0-9]*) os_name_='Mac OS X Mountain Lion' ;;
+        10.9|10.9.[0-9]*) os_name_='Mac OS X Mavericks' ;;
+        10.10|10.10.[0-9]*) os_name_='Mac OS X Yosemite' ;;
+        10.11|10.11.[0-9]*) os_name_='Mac OS X El Capitan' ;;
+        10.12|10.12.[0-9]*) os_name_='macOS Sierra' ;;
+        10.13|10.13.[0-9]*) os_name_='macOS High Sierra' ;;
+        *) os_name_='macOS' ;;
+      esac
+      ;;
+    FreeBSD) os_name_='FreeBSD' ;;
+    Linux) os_name_='Linux' ;;
+    SunOS)
+      if grep 'OpenSolaris' /etc/release >/dev/null; then
+        os_name_='OpenSolaris'
+      else
+        os_name_='Solaris'
+      fi
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  echo ${os_name_}
+  unset os_name_ os_system_ os_release_ os_version_
+}
+
+versions_osVersion() {
+  os_version_='unrecognized'
+  os_system_=${UNAME_S}
+  os_release_=${UNAME_R}
+  case ${os_system_} in
+    CYGWIN_NT-*)
+      os_version_=`expr "${os_release_}" : '\([0-9]*\.[0-9]\.[0-9]*\).*'`
+      ;;
+    Darwin)
+      os_version_=`/usr/bin/sw_vers -productVersion`
+      ;;
+    FreeBSD)
+      os_version_=`expr "${os_release_}" : '\([0-9]*\.[0-9]*\)-.*'`
+      ;;
+    Linux)
+      if [ -r '/etc/os-release' ]; then
+          os_version_=`awk -F= '$1~/PRETTY_NAME/{print $2}' /etc/os-release \
+            |sed 's/"//g'`
+      elif [ -r '/etc/redhat-release' ]; then
+        os_version_=`cat /etc/redhat-release`
+      elif [ -r '/etc/SuSE-release' ]; then
+        os_version_=`head -n 1 /etc/SuSE-release`
+      elif [ -r "${LSB_RELEASE}" ]; then
+        if grep -q 'DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu' "${LSB_RELEASE}"; then
+          # shellcheck disable=SC2002
+          os_version_=`cat "${LSB_RELEASE}" \
+            |awk -F= '$1~/DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION/{print $2}' \
+            |sed 's/"//g;s/ /-/g'`
+        fi
+      fi
+      ;;
+    SunOS)
+      if grep 'OpenSolaris' /etc/release >/dev/null; then
+        os_version_=`grep 'OpenSolaris' /etc/release |awk '{print $2"("$3")"}'`
+      else
+        major_=`echo "${os_release_}" |sed 's/[0-9]*\.\([0-9]*\)/\1/'`
+        minor_=`grep Solaris /etc/release |sed 's/[^u]*\(u[0-9]*\).*/\1/'`
+        os_version_="${major_}${minor_}"
+      fi
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  echo "${os_version_}"
+  unset os_name_ os_release_ os_version_ major_ minor_
+}
+
+versions_shellVersion() {
+  shell_=$1
+
+  shell_present_=${FALSE}
+  case "${shell_}" in
+    ash)
+      [ -x '/bin/busybox' ] && shell_present_=${TRUE}
+      ;;
+    *)
+      [ -x "${shell_}" ] && shell_present_=${TRUE}
+      ;;
+  esac
+  if [ ${shell_present_} -eq ${FALSE} ]; then
+    echo 'not installed'
+    return ${FALSE}
+  fi
+
+  version_=''
+  case ${shell_} in
+    */sh)
+      # TODO(kward): fix this
+      ## this could be one of any number of shells. try until one fits.
+      #version_=`versions_shell_bash ${shell_}`
+      ## dash cannot be self determined yet
+      #[ -z "${version_}" ] && version_=`versions_shell_ksh ${shell_}`
+      ## pdksh is covered in versions_shell_ksh()
+      #[ -z "${version_}" ] && version_=`versions_shell_zsh ${shell_}`
+      ;;
+    ash) version_=`versions_shell_ash "${shell_}"` ;;
+    */bash) version_=`versions_shell_bash "${shell_}"` ;;
+    */dash)
+      # simply assuming Ubuntu Linux until somebody comes up with a better
+      # test. the following test will return an empty string if dash is not
+      # installed.
+      version_=`versions_shell_dash`
+      ;;
+    */ksh) version_=`versions_shell_ksh "${shell_}"` ;;
+    */pdksh) version_=`versions_shell_pdksh "${shell_}"` ;;
+    */zsh) version_=`versions_shell_zsh "${shell_}"` ;;
+    *) version_='invalid'
+  esac
+
+  echo "${version_:-unknown}"
+  unset shell_ version_
+}
+
+# The ash shell is included in BusyBox.
+versions_shell_ash() {
+  busybox --help |head -1 |sed 's/BusyBox v\([0-9.]*\) .*/\1/'
+}
+
+versions_shell_bash() {
+  $1 --version 2>&1 |grep 'GNU bash' |sed 's/.*version \([^ ]*\).*/\1/'
+}
+
+versions_shell_dash() {
+  eval dpkg >/dev/null 2>&1
+  [ $? -eq 127 ] && return  # return if dpkg not found
+
+  dpkg -l |grep ' dash ' |awk '{print $3}'
+}
+
+versions_shell_ksh() {
+  versions_shell_=$1
+  versions_version_=''
+
+  # Try a few different ways to figure out the version.
+  if versions_version_=`${versions_shell_} --version : 2>&1`; then
+    versions_version_=`echo "${versions_version_}" \
+      |sed 's/.*\([0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/'`
+  fi
+  if [ -z "${versions_version_}" ]; then
+    _versions_have_strings
+    versions_version_=`strings "${versions_shell_}" 2>&1 \
+      |grep Version \
+      |sed 's/^.*Version \(.*\)$/\1/;s/ s+ \$$//;s/ /-/g'`
+  fi
+  if [ -z "${versions_version_}" ]; then
+    versions_version_=`versions_shell_pdksh "${versions_shell_}"`
+  fi
+
+  echo "${versions_version_}"
+  unset versions_shell_ versions_version_
+}
+
+versions_shell_pdksh() {
+  _versions_have_strings
+  strings "$1" 2>&1 \
+  |grep 'PD KSH' \
+  |sed -e 's/.*PD KSH \(.*\)/\1/;s/ /-/g'
+}
+
+versions_shell_zsh() {
+  versions_shell_=$1
+
+  # Try a few different ways to figure out the version.
+  # shellcheck disable=SC2016
+  versions_version_=`echo 'echo ${ZSH_VERSION}' |${versions_shell_}`
+
+  if [ -z "${versions_version_}" ]; then
+    versions_version_=`${versions_shell_} --version 2>&1 |awk '{print $2}'`
+  fi
+
+  echo "${versions_version_}"
+  unset versions_shell_ versions_version_
+}
+
+# Determine if the 'strings' binary installed.
+_versions_have_strings() {
+  [ ${__versions_haveStrings} -ne ${ERROR} ] && return
+  if eval strings /dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    __versions_haveStrings=${TRUE}
+    return
+  fi
+
+  echo 'WARN: strings not installed. try installing binutils?' >&2
+  __versions_haveStrings=${FALSE}
+}
+
+versions_main() {
+  # Treat unset variables as an error.
+  set -u
+
+  os_name=`versions_osName`
+  os_version=`versions_osVersion`
+  echo "os: ${os_name} version: ${os_version}"
+
+  for shell in ${VERSIONS_SHELLS}; do
+    shell_version=`versions_shellVersion "${shell}"`
+    echo "shell: ${shell} version: ${shell_version}"
+  done
+}
+
+if [ "${ARGV0}" = 'versions' ]; then
+  versions_main "$@"
+fi

test/list_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testListFromOneElement() {
+  assertEquals 1 $(list 1)
+}
+
+testListFromEmpty() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list)"
+}
+
+testListUnlist() {
+  assertEquals "1 3 6" "$(list 1 3 6 | unlist)"
+}
+
+testList() {
+  list=$(cat <<EOF
+1
+3
+6
+EOF
+)
+  assertEquals "$list" "$(list 1 3 6)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/map_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+testMapEmptyList() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list | map lambda x . 'echo $(($x + 1))')"
+}
+
+testMapEmptyList_ifNoArgumentsInLambda() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list | map lambda . 'echo 3')"
+}
+
+testMapOneElementList() {
+  assertEquals "3" "$(list 2 | map lambda x . 'echo $(($x + 1))')"
+}
+
+testMapList() {
+  assertEquals "2 3 4 5 6" "$(list {1..5} | map lambda x . 'echo $(($x + 1))' | unlist)"
+}
+
+testMapList_ifNoArgumentsInLambda() {
+  assertEquals "9 9 9 9 9" "$(list {1..5} | map lambda . 'echo 9' | unlist)"
+}
+
+testMapList_ifManyArgumentsInLambda() {
+  list {1..5} | map lambda x y . 'echo $(($x + $y))' 2> /dev/null \
+    && fail "There should be syntax error, because map is an one argument operation"
+}
+
+testFlatMap() {
+    assertEquals "1 2 3 2 3 3" "$(list {1..3} | map lambda x . 'seq $x 3' | unlist)"
+    assertEquals "d e h l l l o o r w" "$(list hello world | map lambda x . 'command fold -w 1 <<< $x' | sort | unlist)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/prepend_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testPrependToEmptyList() {
+  assertEquals 4 "$(list | prepend 4)"
+}
+
+testPrependToOneElementList() {
+  assertEquals "4 1" "$(list 1 | prepend 4 | unlist)"
+}
+
+testPrependToList() {
+  assertEquals "4 1 2 3 4 5" "$(list 1 2 3 4 5 | prepend 4 | unlist)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/shunit2-init.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+oneTimeSetUp() {
+  . ../src/fun.sh
+}
+
+# Load shUnit2.
+. ./shunit2

test/tail_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testTailFrom10() {
+  assertEquals "2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" "$(list {1..10} | tail | unlist)"
+}
+
+testTailFromOneElementList() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list 1 | tail)"
+}
+
+testTailFromEmptyList() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list | tail)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/take_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testTake9From10() {
+  assertEquals "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" "$(list {1..10} | take 9 | unlist)"
+}
+
+testTake8From10() {
+  assertEquals "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8" "$(list {1..10} | take 8 | unlist)"
+}
+
+testTakeAll() {
+  assertEquals "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" "$(list {1..10} | take 10 | unlist)"
+}
+
+testTakeMoreThanAvailable() {
+  assertEquals "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" "$(list {1..10} | take 15 | unlist)"
+}
+
+testTakeZero() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(list {1..10} | take 0 | unlist)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/test_runner

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#! /bin/sh
+# vim:et:ft=sh:sts=2:sw=2
+#
+# Unit test suite runner.
+#
+# Copyright 2008-2017 Kate Ward. All Rights Reserved.
+# Released under the Apache 2.0 license.
+#
+# Author: kate.ward@forestent.com (Kate Ward)
+# https://github.com/kward/shlib
+#
+# This script runs all the unit tests that can be found, and generates a nice
+# report of the tests.
+#
+### ShellCheck (http://www.shellcheck.net/)
+# Disable source following.
+#   shellcheck disable=SC1090,SC1091
+# expr may be antiquated, but it is the only solution in some cases.
+#   shellcheck disable=SC2003
+
+# Return if test_runner already loaded.
+[ -z "${RUNNER_LOADED:-}" ] || return 0
+RUNNER_LOADED=0
+
+RUNNER_ARGV0=$(basename "$0")
+RUNNER_SHELLS='/bin/bash'
+RUNNER_TEST_SUFFIX='_test.sh'
+
+runner_warn() { echo "runner:WARN $*" >&2; }
+runner_error() { echo "runner:ERROR $*" >&2; }
+runner_fatal() { echo "runner:FATAL $*" >&2; exit 1; }
+
+runner_usage() {
+  echo "usage: ${RUNNER_ARGV0} [-e key=val ...] [-s shell(s)] [-t test(s)]"
+}
+
+_runner_tests() { echo ./*${RUNNER_TEST_SUFFIX} |sed 's#./##g'; }
+_runner_testName() {
+  # shellcheck disable=SC1117
+  _runner_testName_=$(expr "${1:-}" : "\(.*\)${RUNNER_TEST_SUFFIX}")
+  if [ -n "${_runner_testName_}" ]; then
+    echo "${_runner_testName_}"
+  else
+    echo 'unknown'
+  fi
+  unset _runner_testName_
+}
+
+main() {
+  # Find and load versions library.
+  for _runner_dir_ in . ${LIB_DIR:-lib}; do
+    if [ -r "${_runner_dir_}/versions" ]; then
+      _runner_lib_dir_="${_runner_dir_}"
+      break
+    fi
+  done
+  [ -n "${_runner_lib_dir_}" ] || runner_fatal 'Unable to find versions library.'
+  . "${_runner_lib_dir_}/versions" || runner_fatal 'Unable to load versions library.'
+  unset _runner_dir_ _runner_lib_dir_
+
+  # Process command line flags.
+  env=''
+  while getopts 'e:hs:t:' opt; do
+    case ${opt} in
+      e)  # set an environment variable
+        key=$(expr "${OPTARG}" : '\([^=]*\)=')
+        val=$(expr "${OPTARG}" : '[^=]*=\(.*\)')
+        # shellcheck disable=SC2166
+        if [ -z "${key}" -o -z "${val}" ]; then
+          runner_usage
+          exit 1
+        fi
+        eval "${key}='${val}'"
+        eval "export ${key}"
+        env="${env:+${env} }${key}"
+        ;;
+      h) runner_usage; exit 0 ;;  # help output
+      s) shells=${OPTARG} ;;  # list of shells to run
+      t) tests=${OPTARG} ;;  # list of tests to run
+      *) runner_usage; exit 1 ;;
+    esac
+  done
+  shift "$(expr ${OPTIND} - 1)"
+
+  # Fill shells and/or tests.
+  shells=${shells:-${RUNNER_SHELLS}}
+  tests=${tests:-$(_runner_tests)}
+
+  # Error checking.
+  if [ -z "${tests}" ]; then
+    runner_error 'no tests found to run; exiting'
+    exit 1
+  fi
+
+  cat <<EOF
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# System data.
+#
+
+$ uname -mprsv
+$(uname -mprsv)
+
+OS Name: $(versions_osName)
+OS Version: $(versions_osVersion)
+
+### Test run info.
+shells: ${shells}
+tests: ${tests}
+EOF
+for key in ${env}; do
+  eval "echo \"${key}=\$${key}\""
+done
+
+# Run tests.
+for shell in ${shells}; do
+  echo
+
+  cat <<EOF
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Running the test suite with ${shell}.
+#
+EOF
+
+    # Check for existence of shell.
+    shell_bin=${shell}
+    shell_name=''
+    shell_present=${FALSE}
+    case ${shell} in
+      ash)
+        shell_bin=$(which busybox)
+        [ $? -eq "${TRUE}" ] && shell_present="${TRUE}"
+        shell_bin="${shell_bin} ash"
+        shell_name=${shell}
+        ;;
+      *)
+        [ -x "${shell_bin}" ] && shell_present="${TRUE}"
+        shell_name=$(basename "${shell}")
+        ;;
+    esac
+    if [ "${shell_present}" -eq "${FALSE}" ]; then
+      runner_warn "unable to run tests with the ${shell_name} shell"
+      continue
+    fi
+
+    shell_version=$(versions_shellVersion "${shell}")
+
+    echo "shell name: ${shell_name}"
+    echo "shell version: ${shell_version}"
+
+    # Execute the tests.
+    for t in ${tests}; do
+      echo
+      echo "--- Executing the '$(_runner_testName "${t}'")' test suite. ---"
+      # ${shell_bin} needs word splitting.
+      #   shellcheck disable=SC2086
+      ( exec ${shell_bin} "./${t}" 2>&1; )
+    done
+  done
+}
+
+# Execute main() if this is run in standalone mode (i.e. not from a unit test).
+[ -z "${SHUNIT_VERSION}" ] && main "$@"

test/try_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testTry() {
+  assertEquals 1 "$(echo 'expr 2 / 2' | try lambda _ . 'ret 0')"
+  assertEquals 0 "$(echo 'expr 2 / 0' | try lambda _ . 'ret 0')"
+  assertEquals 2 "$(echo 'expr 2 / 0' | try lambda status . 'ret $status')"
+  assertEquals 'already up to date' "$(echo 'echo already up to date' | try lambda _ . 'ret error')"
+  assertEquals 'error exit 1' "$(try λ  _ . 'echo "error"; echo exit 1' < <(echo fgit pull) | unlist)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/tup_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testTupIfEmpty() {
+  assertEquals '()' $(tup '')
+}
+
+testTupIfOneElement() {
+  assertEquals '(1)' $(tup 1)
+  assertEquals '(")' $(tup '"')
+  assertEquals "(')" $(tup "'")
+  assertEquals "(u002c)" $(tup ",")
+  assertEquals "(()" $(tup "(")
+  assertEquals "())" $(tup ")")
+}
+
+testTupHappyPath() {
+  assertEquals '(1,2,3,4,5)' $(tup 1 2 3 4 5)
+  assertEquals '(a-1,b-2,c-3)' $(tup 'a-1' 'b-2' 'c-3')
+  assertEquals '(a b,c d e,f)' "$(tup 'a b' 'c d e' 'f')"
+}
+
+testTupxHappyPath() {
+  assertEquals '4' $(tup 4 5 1 4 | tupx 1)
+  assertEquals '5' $(tup 4 5 1 4 | tupx 2)
+  assertEquals '1' $(tup 4 5 1 4 | tupx 3)
+  assertEquals '4' $(tup 4 5 1 4 | tupx 4)
+
+}
+
+testTupxIfEmpty() {
+  assertEquals '' "$(tup '' | tupx 1)"
+  assertEquals '' "$(tup '' | tupx 5)"
+}
+
+testTupxIfZeroIndex() {
+  assertEquals '' "$(tup 1 3 | tupx 0 2>/dev/null)"
+}
+
+testTupxIfSpecialChars() {
+  assertEquals ',' "$(tup ',' | tupx 1)"
+  assertEquals '(' "$(tup '(' | tupx 1)"
+  assertEquals ')' "$(tup ')' | tupx 1)"
+  assertEquals '()' "$(tup '()' | tupx 1)"
+  assertEquals '(' "$(tup '(' ')' | tupx 1)"
+  assertEquals '(' "$(tup '(' '(' | tupx 1)"
+  assertEquals ')' "$(tup ')' ')' | tupx 1)"
+  assertEquals ',' "$(tup 'u002c' | tupx 1)"
+}
+
+testTupxRange() {
+  assertEquals '4 5' "$(tup 4 5 1 4 | tupx 1-2 | unlist)"
+  assertEquals '4 4' "$(tup 4 5 1 4 | tupx 1,4 | unlist)"
+  assertEquals '4 5 4' "$(tup 4 5 1 4 | tupx 1,2,4 | unlist)"
+}
+
+testTupl() {
+  assertEquals '4' "$(tup 4 5 | tupl)"
+  assertEquals '4' "$(tup 4 5 6 | tupl)"
+  assertEquals '6' "$(tup 6 | tupl)"
+  assertEquals 'foo bar' "$(tup 'foo bar' 1 'one' 2 | tupl)"
+}
+
+testTupr() {
+  assertEquals '5' "$(tup 4 5 | tupr)"
+  assertEquals '5' "$(tup 1 4 5 | tupr)"
+  assertEquals '5' "$(tup 5 | tupr)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh

test/unlist_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+testUnlistFromList() {
+  list=$(cat <<EOF
+1
+2
+6
+EOF
+)
+  assertEquals "1 2 6" "$(echo $list | unlist)"
+}
+
+testUnlistFromEmptyList() {
+  assertEquals "" "$(echo | unlist)"
+}
+
+testUnlistFromOneElementList() {
+  assertEquals "1" "$(echo 1 | unlist)"
+}
+
+. ./shunit2-init.sh